CollagenX Blog

CollagenX: A Trusted Path to Wellness Backed by Science and Peptan's Global Leadership

CollagenX stands as a beacon of trust in the competitive landscape of collagen supplements. CollagenX's unwavering commitment to quality, bioavailability, scientific innovation, and its strategic partnership with Peptan make it a trusted choice for consumers seeking premium hydrolyzed collagen supplements. By harnessing the expertise of a global leader, CollagenX not only meets but exceeds the expectations of those who prioritize their health and wellness.

Is there 'Phosphate Nasties' in Your Collagen?

The deceptive labelling of phosphate food additives by food processing companies, including some collagen powder brands, poses a significant challenge to consumers striving for healthier dietary choices. The use of inconsistent terminology, vague descriptions, and strategic placement within ingredient lists contributes to a lack of awareness about the potential health risks associated with these additives.

Confused about Collagen? Don’t worry, it’s not you.

Let’s face it…. choosing the right collagen is confusing. Collagen is often referred to as the "glue" that holds our bodies together. But should I take Type I, or maybe Type II, or then again someone told me I should take Type III. Is it marine collagen I should take or maybe bovine? HELP! Well here's the answers.

Does Hydrolysed Collagen Survive Digestion or is it Destroyed in the Stomach?

Does eating collagen produce more collagen in the skin? The short answer is yes!  Collagen peptides are efficiently digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, providing the body with essential amino acids like hydroxyproline. The presence of hydroxyproline in the bloodstream, as evidenced in this article, suggests that collagen peptide ingestion directly supports collagen production in the body.

How Collagen Powder is Made and Why it Matters to Your Health

New evidence has recently emerged adding even more weight to the fact that not all collagen powders are equal. Basically, there are two ways to produce Hydrolyzed Collagen. One is good, the other bad. Pick the brand that uses the bad way and you are simply getting a less effective product. This study reveals more.

Beware of Shonky Collagen Brands, Scams, Dodgy Claims, and Lack of Evidence

Beware of Shonky collagen brands, scams, dodgy claims, and lack of evidence.  There is some cheap (and frankly nasty) stuff out there. Unscrupulous businesses going hard to make a quick buck and preying on customers vulnerability and lack of knowledge. So, we’re calling out the shonks in our industry! These ‘fly by nighter’s’ looking to hitch a ride on the popularity of collagen to make a quick buck. Those collagen brands that make board, unsubstantiated claims with no evidence to back it up. So, with that in mind, here are 10 tips you need to know before choosing your collagen brand.

New Meta-Analysis reveals Collagen effect on Cardiovascular diseases

Scientists at Cambridge University have just released the findings of a Meta-analysis on the effects of hydrolysed collagen peptide supplementation on cardiovascular markers.  The Meta-Analysis, view here, published online on 06 June 2022, is the first comprehensive review to systematically assess the effect of Hydrolysed Collagen (HC) on cardiovascular disease-related markers including body mass, fat mass, fat-free mass, LDL, HDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that ingesting HC can effectively treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, until now, there have been no comprehensive reviews to systematically assess the effect of HC on cardiovascular disease. The Meta-analysis pooled data derived from twelve randomized, controlled trials from around the world and included an overall total of 748 participants (359 individuals in the HC and 389 in the placebo group). The participant age ranged from 25 years to 72 years. Included were studies performed on healthy and overweight participants, as well as in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, mild hypertension, osteoarthritis, and age-related sarcopenia. The twelve eligible trials were published between 2008 and 2021. The dose of HC ranged from 900 mg/day to 15 g/day, while the duration of the clinical trials ranged from 6 to 12 weeks. The review found that HC (900 mg/day to 15 g/day), for a duration of 6 to 12 weeks, led to the significant reduction in fat mass, blood pressure, serum LDL concentrations, and increased fat-free mass. Additional subgroup analyses demonstrated that HC significantly decreased body fat percentage in men, obese or overweight participants, and when HC was administered in combination with exercise. Effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition Pooled data from six studies revealed that HC did not significantly change body mass (weight) compared to the placebo group. However, they did find that HC significantly decreased fat mass. This is because HC significantly increased fat free mass in the form of muscle and supportive tissue such as tendons, ligaments, and other muscle and skeletal supporting structures, and decreased fat mass. They also analysed subgroups and found that body fat percentage significantly changed after HC supplementation in men, obese or overweight participants and in those supplementing in conjunction to exercise training. Further subgroup analyses involving age demonstrated that fat mass significantly decreased after HC supplementation for participants aged 50 years and over. Scientists leading the Meta-analysis believe the potential mechanism for the improvement of fat-free mass and decrease in fat mass is due to the high levels of the amino acids hydroxyproline and glycine (Hyp-Gly) found in collagen and which are elevated in blood after ingestion. Another dipeptide, formed from the amino acids proline and hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp), accelerates muscle regeneration. Furthermore, the scientists revealed that specific collagen peptides could act as signal messengers in anabolic cellular activities in ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. The data showed that hydrolysed collagen also might be helpful to improve pain symptoms and performance in activity-related joint discomforts. Hence, HC could enhance body composition and increase functional performance by improving joint-related disorders and their symptoms. Other potential mechanisms for the effects of HC supplementation on improving body composition are its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The HC’s amino acids content, such as glycine at high concentrations, has been found to have powerful anti-inflammatory properties which can modulate muscle wasting.    Effects of collagen peptide supplementation on blood fats There is well-established evidence to suggest that elevated concentrations of lipids (fat) in the blood are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The Meta-analysis demonstrated that the ingestion of hydrolysed collagen led to a significant decrease in concentrations of LDL cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein), sometimes called “bad” cholesterol. Furthermore, HDL (high-density lipoprotein or 'good cholesterol'), total cholesterol and triglyceride all remained unchanged compared to the placebo. These beneficial health results were achieved using a 10 g and over dose.   Effects of collagen peptide supplementation on blood pressure Data from the meta-analysis showed that hydrolysed collagen significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to placebo and significantly increased diastolic blood pressure following a 10 g or more dose, in contrast to a less than 10g dose. Importantly, it has been established that a reduction of 2 mmHg in SBP can lower coronary heart disease and stroke mortalities by 4% and 6%, respectively (3). Hence, the findings of the review indicate an SBP-lowering effect (~5 mmHg) of HC support its clinical significance as a nutritional strategy for blood pressure improvement.   Effects of collagen peptide supplementation on blood sugar levels Overtime, elevated levels of blood glucose can cause damage to many major organs, including the heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes and kidneys, increasing the risk of other serious health conditions. The Meta-analyses found that Hydrolysed Collagen significantly decreased fasting blood sugar using a 10 g and over dose, in contrast to a less than 10 g dose.   Conclusion This comprehensive review of collated data suggests that HC may significantly decrease fat mass, fat-free mass (based on body mass percentage), systolic blood pressure, and serum low-density lipoprotein levels. Additional subgroup analyses revealed an important decline in fat mass among men, obese or overweight participants, and those consuming collagen peptides while exercising. Collagenx Hydrolysed Collagen Peptides is recognised due to the substantial scientific evidence that backs it up. The product's efficacy has been demonstrated in double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies and results have been published in leading scientific journals

Collagen for Liver Health: Prevention & Treatment

Liver health is crucial for our overall well-being, but many people overlook it until serious problems arise. Did you know that collagen, a protein commonly known for its benefits to skin and joints, can also support liver health? Let’s explore how collagen can help prevent and treat liver diseases like fatty liver and cirrhosis. Shop Bovine Collagen Peptide Powder Is Collagen Good for Fatty Liver? Fatty liver disease, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is becoming increasingly common. It can lead to serious complications like liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Recent studies have shown that glycine, an amino acid found in collagen, has protective effects on the liver: Lower Glycine Levels in NAFLD: Patients with NAFLD often have lower levels of circulating glycine. This deficiency is linked to higher risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Clinical Study Findings: A 2020 study by the Michigan Medicine Frankel Cardiovascular Centre found that glycine, alone or combined with leucine, can help prevent and treat fatty liver disease and associated obesity. Lead researcher Oren Rom, Ph.D., R.D., highlighted that lower glycine levels are consistently found in NAFLD patients and related comorbidities. The study suggests that a daily dose of 27mg/kg of glycine (about 2g per day) can offer therapeutic effects. This amount is found in a single 10g dose of CollagenX hydrolyzed collagen. Shop Fish Collagen Peptide Powder Is Collagen Good for Liver Cirrhosis? Liver cirrhosis is a severe condition where the liver becomes scarred and loses its function. While advanced cirrhosis is challenging to reverse, early intervention can help manage the disease. Glycine's Role: Glycine, found abundantly in hydrolysed collagen, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can support liver health. Study Insights: The same 2020 study also found that a combination of glycine and leucine (also found in hydrolysed collagen) was more effective than glycine alone in reversing liver damage and inflammation. Adding hydrolysed collagen to your diet can help maintain healthy glycine and leucine levels, supporting liver function and potentially slowing the progression of cirrhosis. Shop Marine Collagen Peptide Powder What Can Help Prevent Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? Preventing NAFLD involves a holistic approach that includes maintaining a healthy weight, following a balanced diet, and engaging in regular exercise. Here’s how collagen fits into this picture: Healthy Weight: Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and exercise reduces the risk of NAFLD. Glycine and Leucine, found in hydrolysed collagen, supports metabolic health and can aid in weight management. Balanced Diet: Incorporate foods rich in glycine, such as meats, dairy, legumes, spinach, and seafood. However, these sources might not provide enough glycine for optimal health. Regular Exercise: Exercise helps maintain a healthy weight and improves liver function. Combining exercise with a collagen supplement can enhance these benefits. Collagen Supplementation: Hydrolyzed collagen provides an easy way to ensure adequate glycine and Leucine intake, supporting liver health and overall metabolism. Conclusion Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing epidemic, with no approved pharmacological treatments available. Hydrolysed Collagen, particularly the glycine it contains, offers a promising natural approach to support liver health. By maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and incorporating collagen supplements, you can help protect your liver. Take control of your liver health today. Consider adding hydrolyzed collagen to your daily routine and make lifestyle changes that support a healthy liver. Your future self will thank you!

Bone Broth vs Hydrolysed Collagen - Which Is Best?

  Bone broths and drinks containing collagen have recently become a trend beverage that has acquired a reputation as the next ‘best thing’ for promoting health. Currently, there is plenty of excellent scientific evidence proving that the consumption of hydrolysed collagen supports the synthesis of native collagen in varying tissues, with the availability of key amino acids being a likely contributor to its effectiveness…… but what evidence exists about the active quantities or bioavailability of Amino Acids contained in bone broth? So just what is the answer to the Bone Broth Vs Collagen debate? Although there are many bone broth brands on the market spruiking the health benefits of their product, few, if any at all, back it up with any scientific evidence. What is the basis of their so called ‘superior’ nutritional value when comparing to hydrolysed collagen? Is consuming bone broth as good or better than hydrolysed collagen for your health? Well, the short answer is no, and here’s some surprising reasons. Shop Bovine Collagen Peptide Powder   Amino Acid Content of Bone Broth Vs Hydrolysed Collagen Despite public interest in bone broth most, if not all, of the health claims made regarding it’s ingestion have not been scientifically evaluated and this includes amino acid content. This study (1) published in the International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabllism  2018, analyzed commonly consumed preparations of bone broth (BB) to assess the amount and consistency of its amino acid content. The main finding of this study was that amino acid concentrations in BB were significantly lower for hydroxyproline, glycine, proline, hydroxylysine, leucine, and lysine than those provided by a potentially therapeutic dose (20 g) of reference collagen supplements. The authors concluded  “it is unlikely that BB can provide a consistently reliable source of key amino acids”. A year later, this study (2) published in the Journal of Undergraduate Chemistry Research, confirmed the results of the 2018 study.  In the study, specific amino acids of interest to the scientists included arginine, glutamate (expressed as glutamine), hydroxylysine, hydroxyproline and proline, since increased values of these in bone broths would support health claims. A maintained level of increased nitric oxide production, produced from arginine, is known to improve cardiovascular health, ensure muscle growth, and strengthen the immune system. These attributes help to prevent arteriosclerosis and prevent heart attacks by moderating the level of homocysteine in the blood. Glutamine is an amino acid derived from glutamate and is known for increasing water retention within cells, helping to signal growth, and intensify production of protein and glycogen. Glutamine also enhances cell regeneration, glutathione production, and gut health. Hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline and glycine are key components in collagen and are known to interact with other collagen amino acids to form the collagen tripeptide molecule. Proline is beneficial for skin health through increased collagen production thus making it crucial for wound healing. Their results are displayed in the table below and clearly show the superior content of AA's in Hydrolysed Collagen.   Shop Fish Collagen Peptide Powder mg amino acid / gram product Amino Acids Beef Broth Chicken Broth Hydrolysed Collagen Arginine 1.5 1.9 84.0 Glutamine 2.6 3.5 124.0 Hydroxylysine 0.3 0.3 12.0 Hydroxyproline 1.9 2.1 114.0 Proline 2.2 2.4 115.0 Alanine 1.6 1.9 81.0 Aspartic Acid 1.2 1.7 66.0 Glycine 3.7 4.0 206.0 Histidine 0.2 0.4 8.0 Isoleucine 0.3 0.5 15.0 Leucine 0.7 1.0 29.0 Lysine 0.5 0.9 34.0 Methionine 0.2 0.3 6.0 Phenylalanine 0.6 0.6 21.0 Serine 0.6 0.7 34.0 Threonine 0.4 0.7 19.0 Tyrosine 0.4 0.5 5.0 Valine 0.5 0.6 24.0   The table shows that while bone broths may have an ability to contribute vital amino acids on a dietary basis, they are shown to be a significantly lower source when compared to hydrolysed collagen. These results, therefore, do not support the claims made by some bone broth exponents that BB is equal to Hydrolysed Collagen in nutritional value.. And finally, this study (3) published by the Biochemical and Children's Departments, King's College Hospital, London, scientists analysed a broth prepared from bones and mixed vegetables for its use in the feeding of infants. They concluded that  “bone and vegetable broths are not of great nutritional value”.   Shop 40 Up Collagen Protein Powder Protein Content Substantial evidence (4) supports the increased consumption of high-quality protein to achieve optimal health outcomes. A growing body of research indicates that protein intakes well above the current Recommended Dietary Allowance help to promote healthy aging, appetite regulation, weight management, and goals aligned with athletic performance. Higher protein intakes may help prevent age-related sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass, and strength that predisposes older adults to frailty, disability, and loss of autonomy. Higher protein diets also improve satiety and lead to greater reductions in body weight and fat mass compared with standard protein diets, and may therefore serve as a successful strategy to help prevent and/or treat obesity. Athletes can also benefit from higher protein intakes to maximize athletic performance given the critical role protein plays in stimulating muscle protein remodeling after exercise. So how does Bone Broth compare to Hydrolysed Collagen for protein content? Well, the average protein content of most commercial bone broths is around 5% while the average protein content of CollagenX Hydrolysed Collagen is a whopping 90%.   Shop Marine Collagen Peptide Powder Safety Concerns Bone broths are good sources of essential minerals such as calcium and magnesium, however, the animal bones used to make bone broth are also known to absorb toxic heavy metals, consumed from the animal’s environment, such as lead and cadmium. The heavy metal, lead, is a widespread contaminate throughout the modern environment. Such sequestered lead can then be mobilised from the bones through the cooking process. However, the presence of toxic metals in bone broth has rarely been studied. UNTIL NOW. In this double blind, controlled study (5) of lead concentrations in three different types of organic chicken broth, scientists showed that broths do indeed contain several times the lead concentration of the water with which the broth is made. In particular, broth made from skin and cartilage taken off the bone once the chicken had been cooked with the bones in situ, and chicken-bone broth, were both found to have markedly high lead concentrations, of 9.5 and 7.01 μg L, respectively (compared with a control value for tap water treated in the same way of 0.89 μg L). In view of the dangers of lead consumption to the human body, the authors of the study recommend that: “doctors and nutritionists should take the risk of lead contamination into consideration when advising patients about bone broth diets”. And in another study (6), scientists investigated the extraction of metals, both essential and toxic, from animal bones into broth, with a view to addressing some of the public concerns about whether bone broths are good sources of nutrient elements and the risks that are associated with the consumption of toxic metals in bone broth/soup. The scientists found that Calcium and Magnesium levels in home-made or commercial broth/soup were found not to exceed low tenths of milligram per serving, or less than 5% of the daily recommended levels. They also found that, although the risks that are associated with the ingestion of heavy metals such as Lead and Cadmium in broth are minimal, (because the levels were in the ranges of a few μg per serving), there is concern over the accumulation of these toxic metals over time through frequency of consumption and the content of these heavy metals in other foods, and through pollution of the air we breathe. Shop All CollagenX Supplements Conclusion Now don’t get me wrong. Bone broths are nutritious and tasty. I still enjoy a bone broth or hearty home made chicken soup on occasion. But to compare bone broth to Hydrolysed Collagen as a nutritional  equal, or in some cases, a better nutritional alternative just doesn’t cut it when it comes to the science. My rule of thumb is to choose a pure, high quality hydrolysed collagen that is fully traceable from the sourcing of raw materials to the final product, and is environmentally friendly. I take CollagenX hydrolysed collagen every day whereas bone broth I take sparingly, (but even then I throw in a spoonful of Collagen powder).

Study discovers a unique collagen peptide's effect on bone formation

A new study presents scientific evidence that a unique collagen peptide called Peptan improves overall bone health by simultaneously targeting bone formation and bone resorption. Rousselot, the global manufacturer of gelatin and collagen peptides, has revealed the findings of a study investigating the effects of Peptan collagen peptides on bone metabolism. Using a pioneering clinical screening approach developed by the French National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA) as part of the collaboration, the study set off to investigate the cellular mechanisms behind the overall benefits of collagen peptides on bone health. They announced the study's publication coincides with the introduction of Peptan into the Australian market. Published in the peer-reviewed journal Nutrients, the results indicated that Peptan collagen peptides directly target and modulate the function of bone-remodelling cells, providing further evidence that the benefits of bioactive collagen peptides go beyond simple protein supplementation and are an effective nutritional intervention to support bone health. Peptan has co-branded with the Australian company CollagenX to have this unique peptide incorporated in all their hydrolysed collagen products. Background Bone is a highly dynamic tissue with a continuous matrix turnover - a fine-tuned and highly regulated balance of processes that break down and rebuild matrix. Collagen is a crucial component of the bone, as it represents 80% of the total protein mass in the skeleton and is a key part of the bone’s protein scaffold that provides the structure for mineral deposition. Forming long fibres, collagen provides bones with the strength and flexibility to resist fractures. Previously published preclinical research by Rousselot has shown that supplementation with Peptan collagen peptides helps to keep bones healthy and strong in a mouse model of menopause-induced bone loss. Peptan-supplemented animals showed an improved bone mineral density and improved bone strength 1 ,2. Results Combining in vivo, ex vivo and clinical approaches, Rousselot and INRA explored the cellular mechanisms by which bioactive collagen peptides exert their beneficial effects on the skeleton. For that purpose, an ex vivo model was designed that specifically takes into account the modifications that collagen peptides undergo when taken orally and passing through the digestive system. Following the intake of collagen peptides or hydrolysed casein as a control, serum was collected from mice one hour after intake, the time where the concentration of bioactive metabolites was previously recorded to peak. The samples were then tested in bone-related primary cell culture assays for effects on osteoblast and osteoclast activity i.e. the cells responsible for new bone formation and bone degradation, respectively. Results revealed that mouse serum enriched with collagen peptide metabolites had a direct stimulatory impact on osteoblast activity and processes involved in forming bone mass. In addition, Peptan serum inhibited the differentiation of osteoclasts, meaning they could not develop into mature and fully functional cells that break down bone mass. These effects were not observed in the control group. To assess the relevance of these findings for humans the study design was adapted for repetition in human volunteers. Ten healthy volunteers fasted for 12 hours and then took 25g of either Peptan collagen peptides or hydrolysed casein dissolved in water. At the time of maximum absorption (one hour post-ingestion), blood was collected to produce metabolite-enriched serum and bioactivity assays were performed in human cell models according to the methodology developed by INRA. The observations were fully in line with the results from the mouse cell assays, confirming that collagen-enriched serum enhanced osteoblast activity, supporting bone formation, and lowered osteoclastogenesis, responsible for the degradation of bone cells. Peptan collagen peptides of different raw materials (bovine, porcine, fish) all showed comparable effects.  Yohann Wittrant, senior researcher at INRA and leading investigator in the trial, said: “ By taking into account the metabolism at the whole-body level, in particular the modifications that collagen peptides undergo when passing through the body’s system of digestion and absorption, this pioneering study has provided new insights into the mode of action of collagen peptides, demonstrating that they can directly impact bone cell activity.” Such findings, supported at preclinical as well as clinical level, are particularly significant as the incidence of osteoporosis increases globally, and manufacturers now look to develop new, safe products to promote bone health and to serve as a preventative nutritional solution and keep the population healthier for longer. Directors of CollagenX, Matt Hough and Jeff Masters, said: " we are very proud to be able to bring Peptan to the Australian market. Peptan hydrolysed collagen goes well beyond its anti-aging reputation, and is more often being discovered for its sports nutrition, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and bone health properties". In Australia, hydrolysed collagen containing 100% Peptan can be found in products distributed through CollagenX including bovine, fish, and wild caught marine collagen powders.  https://collagenx.com.au/ link to study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627680/

What happens when you combine Collagen with a resistance exercise program

The increase in the prevalence of long-term joint injuries and osteoarthritis from sport participation is unquestionable and troubling. In light of this, recent scientific research has involved specific exercise protocols combined with the ingestion of Hydrolysed Collagen (HC), and examined the impact on joint functionality during activity and recovery. Scientists now believe that it is likely that exercise would aid the benefits of ingested HC due to the ‘mechano-transduction’ hypothesis, which proposes that mechanical loading of tendon tissue during exercise creates a signaling cascade in the tissue cells that increases production of matrix proteins and subsequent tendon size and strength. In September 2021 a systematic scientific review, (The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition, collagen synthesis, and recovery from joint injury and exercise), was published in the Journal of Amino Acids and examined the effects of HC on exercise performance, recovery, and rehabilitation in the elderly, and elite and recreational athletes.  The review aimed to evaluate the current literature available on the combined impact of ingesting HC in conjunction with an exercise program. It set out to evaluate the effect on joint function and athletic recovery, and gauge appropriate dosing strategies. The systematic review included parameters such as: joint function, muscle and joint injury recovery, body composition, muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and collagen synthesis. Fifteen randomised controlled trials were selected after screening 856 articles. The study populations included 12 studies in recreational athletes, 2 studies in elderly participants and 1 in untrained pre-menopausal women. Study outcomes were categorised into four topics: (i) joint pain and recovery from joint injuries, (ii) body composition, (iii) muscle soreness and recovery from exercise, and (iv) muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and collagen synthesis. Of these 15 eligible studies, 8 used HC in doses of 5–15 g/day, 1 used 20 g/day, 1 used 30 g/day, 1 used 60 g/day, 2 used gelatine in doses of 5 g/day and 15 g/day and 2 used original supplements containing 40 mg/day and 3 g/day of collagen peptide. All the trials were conducted between 2005 and 2019. There was a total of 656 participants, with 325 males and 276 females. Twelve studies had recreationally active participants (average age: 30±10 years) who experienced joint-related discomfort, 2 studies were in an elderly population; 1 in men experiencing onset of sarcopenia (age 72±5 years) and the other in healthy, older women (age 69±3 years), and 1 study was in untrained pre-menopausal women (age 40±8 years). None of the studies reported conflicts of interest.   Effects of collagen supplementation on joint function and recovery from joint injuries Five studies met the criteria and all reported beneficial effects of HC in reducing joint pain, improving joint function, increasing the length of pain-free strenuous exertion, and reducing the need for alternative therapies, especially when combined with an exercise rehabilitation programme. Both Clark and colleagues (2008) (10 g/day Peptan) and Zdzieblik et al.(5 g/day) observed that HC led to a decrease in activity-related joint discomfort and use of alternative therapies to manage pain. A possible explanation for the reduction in joint pain may be that HC increases type I, II, IV collagen, proteoglycan, and elastin synthesis in the articular cartilage, possibly reducing tissue damage and decreasing pain. Collagen peptide supplementation may also aid formation of Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) molecules leading to increased firmness of the connective tissue, and downregulation of the enzymes that degrade ECM collagen proteins. Moreover, collagen peptides may possess anti-inflammatory properties, as glycine (the amino acid found in abundance in HC) can inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Young athletes had improved ankle function with HC, citing a lower feeling of the ankle ‘giving away’ and a decrease in reoccurrence of ankle injuries after suffering from chronic ankle instability. Similarly, one study coupled HC with an eccentric bi-daily calf strengthening and a return-to-running exercise protocol in athletes suffering from Achilles tendinopathy. The participants were able to return to running after the treatment but did not reach pre-injury levels within the duration of the study. The 22% glycine content of HC is known to enhance collagen matrix organisation strength, reduce inflammation and influence tenocyte metabolism in tendons (Vieira et al. 2018).   Effects of collagen supplementation on body composition Four studies evaluated the effects of collagen supplementation on body composition and/or muscle strength, using collagen or a placebo (PLA) coupled with a resistance training exercise program. One study was conducted in elderly sarcopenic men (15 g/day HC for 3 months), two studies were in recreationally active men (15 g/day HC for 3 months) and one study was in untrained pre-menopausal women (15 g/day HC for 3 months). One study found a greater increase in fat free mass (FFM), decrease in body fat percentage (BF), and an increase in hand-grip strength, with participants who took HC. Another study noticed a significant increase in FFM with HC, and there was a significant increase in body fat mass with PLA . Another study in recreationally active men found a significant decrease in body mass and increase in FFM with HC, whereas no change was observed in fat mass (FM) for either HC or PLA. Taking HC in conjunction with a resistance training programme induced significant changes in elderly sarcopenic men. Two studies observed a significant increase in FFM with HC. The changes in FFM are possibly attributed to an increase in surrounding connective tissue. Previous studies have also observed an increase in ECM synthesis in connective tissue with HC supplementation. For changes in FM, HC has shown to reduce body weight gain and body fat. HC induced a higher increase in proteins (such as myosin proteins, actin-binding proteins and tropomyosins) related to resistance training adaptations, likely due to the high hydroxyproline-peptide concentration in collagen peptide supplements as observed in other studies (Kitakaze et al. 2016). Furthermore, a higher increase in myotilin, a muscle Z-disk protein, which is an important marker for myofibril remodeling post-exercise, was observed in the HC group. The higher upregulation of proteins with resistance training and HC indicates a deeper effect on skeletal muscle proteomes as compared to resistance training solely. Collagen supplementation combined with resistance training elicited moderate improvements in body composition. The increase in fat-free mass is purportedly due to HC’s effect on the surrounding connective tissue, and not myofibrillar protein, as there were no changes observed in muscle fiber.   Effects of collagen supplementation on muscle soreness and recovery from exercise Two studies assessed the effect collagen supplementation had on subsequent exercise performance and recovery from muscle soreness. The studies were conducted in recreationally active men. One study used 3 g/day HC for 6 weeks and the other used 20 g/day HC for 7 days, prior to their respective muscle damaging exercise protocols. A moderate effect size on perceived recovery and discomfort, and a strong effect for ‘pain with movement’ was observed following HC. Similarly, a large effect size on muscle soreness with HC was detected 24 h and 48 h post-exercise by Clifford and colleagues (2018) using the bioavailable collagen Peptan. Collagen peptides seemed to attenuate decrements in bench-press performance, improve recovery, and reduce symptoms of delayed onset of muscle soreness. Plasma biomarkers for muscle damage and inflammation were also lower in the HC group. A higher tolerance for repeated high-intensity resistance exercise protocol in the intervention group was observed, demonstrating that HC may accelerate the protective adaptation of the ‘repeated bout effect’, allowing for enhanced musculoskeletal recovery by possible ECM remodeling. Clifford et al. (2019) found HC to reduce muscle soreness  post-exercise on a visual analogue scale.   Effects of collagen supplementation on collagen synthesis and muscle protein synthesis Four studies assessed the effects of HC on bodily collagen synthesis and muscle protein synthesis. Shaw et al. found that collagen synthesis increased and remained elevated for 72 h, with 15 g/day HC enriched with vitamin C as compared to a 5 g/day dose and PLA. The amino acid content of blood peaked 1 h after 15 g HC consumption (increase of 376 mmol/L in glycine, and 162 mmol/L of proline vs baseline) and 30 min after 5 g HC, providing important information regarding exercise timing in accordance with the collagen dose. The 15 g/day HC augmented collagen synthesis in the recovery period after exercise as seen by the increase in bone collagen synthesis markers (153% increase with 15 g HC, vs 59.2% increase with 5 g HC and 53.9% increase with PLA). This indicates that the improved collagen synthesis with 15 g/day HC coupled with an intermittent exercise protocol, consumed 60 minutes prior to exercise, may improve tissue repair and help prevent injuries.   So in summary, the review found Strong evidence of 5–15 g/day dose of HC in improving joint pain and functionality. Changes in body composition and strength with 15 g/day HC and resistance training were more prominent in elderly sarcopenic men than they were in in young recreationally active participants. Exercise and vitamin C seemed to aid collagen synthesis. 15 g/day HC was more effective than 5 g/day HC in elevating collagen synthesis, hence 15 g/day may be a more effective dose. HC should be consumed prior (~60 min) to exercise to maximise collagen synthesis. Muscle recovery had a modest but significant improvement with HC.   Collagen synthesis rates were elevated with 10-15 g/day HC. CollagenX uses Peptan exclusively in all their collagen products. Peptan Hydrolysed Collagen is most beneficial in improving joint functionality and reducing joint pain. CollagenX Hydrolysed Collagen improves body composition, strength and muscle recovery.

10 Proven Health Benefits of Hydrolyzed Collagen Powder you probably didn’t know about

Its is now well recognised that ingesting hydrolysed collagen has great benefits for improving skin (1) hair (2) and nails (3).  You’ve probably also heard how it’s great for joint health and strengthening our bones (4) , ligaments and tendons as well (5), but more recently there are many new discoveries published about its tremendous holistic health benefits. Here are 10 health benefits of Hydrolysed Collagen you probably didn’t know about, and the scientific evidence behind them.    1. Collagen Prevents and repairs Leaky Gut, Ulcerative colitis and IBS. There are recent studies that support potential therapeutic roles for specific amino acids contained in Hydrolysed Collagen, including glutamic acid, arginine, glycine, lysine, threonine, and sulfur-containing amino acids, in gut-related diseases. Results of these new lines of work indicate nutritional and cytoprotective effects of amino acids on gut integrity, growth, and health in animals and humans.(6) The dietary amino acids in Hydrolysed Collagen Powder are major fuels for the small intestinal mucosa, as well as important substrates for syntheses of intestinal proteins, nitric oxide, polyamines, and other products with enormous biological importance. The unique amino acid profile of collagen heals damaged cells and build new tissue in the intestinal wall, as well as coating, protecting and soothing the lining of the gut wall. This aids in healing and repairing a leaky gut as this study (7) shows. The study reports that:  “Amino acids caused a much greater increase in serum gastrin concentration and enhanced acid secretion”. The amino acids found in Hydrolysed Collagen Powder, increase production of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. This has several positive implications and it can help prevent further damage. HCI breaks down proteins. Without sufficient hydrochloric acid, undigested proteins can cause allergic reactions which lead to the inflammatory immune system response that comes with leaky gut and further damage the lining of the stomach (8). HCl kills off pathogens and kills many organisms that can come from tainted, rotten, or undercooked food. HCl also helps your body to absorb minerals.  Amino Acids such as Lysine, Methionine and Threonine, Arginine, Glycine, and Glutamic Acid, are all contained in uniquely balanced amounts in Hydrolysed Collagen. These Amino Acids play critical roles in maintaining or promoting gut health and gut functions (9) (10) Check out this comprehensive and informative article (11) which explains the role of hydrolysed collagen in repairing gut problems.    2. Collagen helps to Prevent and Repair a Hernia. Many scientists are now studying the role of collagen in hernia and have even defined hernia as a disease of the Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). Studies focusing on hernia as a disease of the ECM reflect a new approach to decipher the biology of recurrent or direct inguinal hernia and incisional hernia formation. Collagens are not only abundant in our skin, but also abundant in ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and in muscle as fibrillar proteins. Not only do they give structural support to resident cells, but also regulate the resident and inflammatory cell function. New research suggest that inguinal hernia is not so much a local disease as it is a local manifestation of a systemic disorder of collagen metabolism. Numerous studies are showing that patients with inguinal hernia have some anomalies in collagen metabolism and a changed ratio of collagen types. These studies have revealed marked changes in the abundance, composition, and metabolism of interstitial collagens in patients with recurrent hernia diseases, adult groin hernia and incisional hernia. These observations have led to the suggestion that hernia formation and the recurrence of incisional hernia may be explained by disordered tissue renewal and by abnormal wound healing, respectively. In Australia, leaders in hernia surgery are now recommending their patients ingest marine collagen powder pre and post operation as studies (12) have shown a transient increase in collagen-derived peptides, especially of Pro-Hyp, in the blood and skin after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate. This article (13) contains the most comprehensive and up-to-date information on collagen’s role in the prevention and repair of hernia.   3. Collagen Promotes a Restful Sleep. Getting a good night sleep, or not, directly affects your mental and physical health. Lack of sleep can take a serious toll on your daytime energy, productivity, emotional balance, and even your weight. Yet many of us regularly toss and turn at night, struggling to get the sleep we need. Enter Hydrolysed Collagen. Hydrolysed collagen is the only protein that contains a whopping 20% of the amino acid glycine. This amino acid is considered among the most important amino acids for the body. It exerts widespread influence over our bodies’ systems, structure, and general health, including cardiovascular, cognitive, and metabolic health. A study published in the scientific journal 'Frontiers in Neurology' (14) reports:  'Recently, we found that glycine subjectively and objectively improves sleep quality in humans who have difficulty sleeping'. Even more astoundingly, this study showed that glycine not only improves night time sleep but 'improves daytime sleepiness and fatigue induced by acute sleep restriction'. YES, subjects were less sleepy during the day! In another clinical study on the Sleep Promoting Effects of Glycine (15), scientists showed that low-dose glycine before bedtime subjectively improves sleep quality and reduces sleepiness and fatigue during the day in individuals with insomniac tendencies or restricted sleep time'. More evidence of Hydrolysed Collagen’s positive benefits can be found in the following links (16) (17)     4. Hydrolysed Collagen Supports Weight Management Hydrolysed Collagen increases satiety, or the feeling of fullness. This could aid weight loss and management by reducing hunger, and therefore, how many calories you eat in a day. There’s also some evidence that collagen may reduce the development and accumulation of adipocytes, or fat cells. This study, (18) investigated the anti-obesity effects of collagen peptide on fat metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The body weight gain and total body fat weight were lower in the collagen-fed groups than in the control group. The findings indicated that collagen peptide has anti-obesity effects through suppression of fat accumulation and regulation of fat metabolism. What's even more impressive is that when scientists in this study (19) compared gelatin (a derivative of collagen) to casein protein derived from dairy, they found that ingesting gelatin resulted in a greater appetite suppression. The study reported   'Hunger was suppressed 44% more when consuming the gelatin diet compared with the casein diet. In terms of weight loss for people with obesity, the greater hunger-suppressing effect of gelatin may play a role in reducing energy intake if this effect is maintained when consuming a gelatin diet in the long term.'   5. Hydrolysed Collagen Regulates Blood Cholesterol Levels As we've mentioned earlier, Hydrolysed Collagen has a unique amino acid profile that contains large amounts of the amino acid Glycine. It also contains extremely low levels of the amino acid Methionine. So why does this matter? Well, studies have recently found that diets low in methionine and high in glycine content tend to decrease our plasma cholesterol level. It is suggested that amino acids like glycine in dietary proteins are responsible, at least in part, for the positive alteration of plasma cholesterol levels. This study (20) was conducted to investigate the effects of collagen peptide ingestion on blood fat profiles. Collagen peptide was administered for 29 days to rats fed a high fat and high sugar diet, and their blood fat levels were determined on days 1, 28, and also on day 30. They found that total cholesterol, particularly LDL, was significantly lower in rats given collagen peptide than in control rats on day 30 after overnight fasting. These results suggest that collagen peptide ingestion improves cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-lipid and high-sucrose diet. In humans, our optimal cholesterol ratio is between 3.5 and 1. A higher ratio increases the risk of heart disease. In this study (21), scientists evaluated the effect of Hydrolysed Collagen administration on the development of atherosclerosis in healthy individuals. They found that, in patients with an initial dangerous ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), the ratio was significantly reduced when consuming Hydrolysed Collagen.    6. Hydrolysed Collagen Inhibits Tumor Growth and Cancer It is suggested that age-related oxidative stress, as a consequence of chronic inflammation, contributes to the induction and progression of cancer (22). It stands to reason then, that interventions that delay ageing or age‐related diseases and therefore inflammation, would greatly benefit health. Hydrolysed Collagen is a potent anti inflammatory and exhibits many health benefits including, antitumor activity (23) .  The study, conducted by Laing et al., reported Hydrolysed Collagen intake inhibited spontaneous tumor incidence and increased the life span in Sprague-dawley rats. They showed that Hydrolysed Collagen notably increased the mean life span, the life span of the last 30% of the survivors, and the maximal life span.It significantly decreased overall spontaneous tumor incidence of both sexes. The incidence of death from tumors was decreased in Hydrolysed Collagen groups in comparison with the control group of both sexes.  Scientists concluded that: “Hydrolysed Collagen dose-dependently increased life span and decreased spontaneous tumor incidence. Moreover, the antioxidative property of Hydrolysed Collagen may be responsible for the increased life span and protection against tumor development”.   The results of a similar study published in the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine(24), provide a mechanism underlying anti‐skin ageing by Hydrolysed Collagen's intake and highlight potential application of Hydrolysed Collagen as a healthcare supplement to combat cancer and cardiovascular disease by inhibiting platelet release.  The authors of that study comment: “ these results provide a possible mechanism underlying the anti tumor effect of Hydrolysed Collagen”. This article (25) contains comprehensive information and links to over 30 clinical studies.     7. Hydrolysed Collagen Lowers Blood Sugar and Alleviates Diabetes A recent double blind randomized clinical study (26) to evaluate the efficacy of hydrolysed collagen peptide as an add-on nutritional supplement in type 2 diabetes has found there is a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1C (glycated hemoglobin) in three months study period in subjects who have taken oral ingestion of hydrolysed collagen peptides. Insulin sensitivity has been improved significantly in the hydrolysed collagen peptide group. This study demonstrates the potential role of hydrolysed collagen as an add-on nutritional supplement for the management of type 2 diabetes. The glycine content of Hydrolysed Collagen facilitates the action of insulin in lowering blood sugar and alleviating diabetes. Glycine inhibits lipolysis and this in itself will make insulin more effective, and help to prevent hyperglycemia. It is known that the plasma glycine level is low in patients with obesity or diabetes and the improvement of insulin resistance increases plasma glycine concentration. In prospective studies, hypoglycinemia at baseline predicts the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and higher serum glycine level is associated with decreased risk of incident type 2 diabetes. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, hypoglycinemia occurs before clinical manifestations of the disease, but the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying glycine deficit and its potential clinical repercussions are unclear.  In this study (27), glycine supplementation of 5 g/day (2 scoops of Collagenx) was reported to improve insulin response and glucose tolerance. The data suggests that oral glycine stimulates the secretion of a gut hormone that potentiates the effect of insulin on glucose removal from the circulation. And this study (28) showed that a morning dose of glycine 5 g orally increased early, late and total insulin responses without changes in insulin action in healthy first-degree relatives of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.    8. Hydrolysed Collagen Accelerates recovery after stroke. Did you know that a small dose of glycine taken shortly after suffering a stroke was found to accelerate recovery, preventing the spreading of injury through its inhibitory and anti-inflammatory actions? So those who consume regular doses of Hydrolysed Collagen actually reduce damage in future strokes! The aim of this study (29) was to assess the safety and the efficacy of glycine in 200 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Fifty patients received placebo, 49 glycine 0.5 g/day, 51 glycine 1.0 g/day and 50 glycine 2.0 g/day for 5 days in each group.  The authors found that glycine treatment at the dose of 1-2 g/day (ie one scoop of CollagenX) was accompanied by a tendency to decrease the risk of dying over 30 days.   9. Hydrolysed Collagen treats symptoms of Schizophrenia As you're finding out, the amino acid Glycine, contained in Hydrolysed Collagen, is truly amazing. Even more amazingly, scientists are currently studying the link between glycine and schizophrenia, finding that treatment with the amino acid improved patients positive, cognitive and general psychiatric symptoms. Russian medicine considers glycine a brain drug and it has been available by prescription there since the 1950s. There has been considerable interest in the Western world lately about using glycine for treatment of many psychiatric conditions including bipolar depression, dementia, PTSD, etc. There are many studies related to glycine research for schizophrenia, and they point to other studies on glycine for many brain conditions. These studies (30), (31), have shown that high doses (30 g) of glycine have reduced the more subtle symptoms of schizophrenia, such as social withdrawal, emotional flatness, and apathy, which do not respond to most of the existing medications. An open-label clinical trial (32) performed in 1996 revealed that 60 g of glycine per day (0.8 g/kg) could be given to schizophrenic patients without producing adverse side effects and that this dose led to a two-fold increase in cerebrospinal fluid glycine levels. This study (33) showed that lower plasma levels of Glycine and Serine (both high in Hydrolysed Collagen) have been reported in schizophrenia compared to controls. Combinations of glycine with antipsychotics or glycine transport inhibitors have been reported to be useful in treatment of schizophrenia, and increased glycine serum levels have been reported in schizophrenia patients responsive to antipsychotics. In this study (34) published in the Archives of General Psychiatry 1999, scientists report that Glycine administration to treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients resulted in a significant reduction in negative symptoms.   10. Hydrolysed Collagen Protects against UV Rays Hydrolysed Collagen powder helps protect the skin against UV melasma, and enhances the fibroblast production and extracellular matrix of the skin. We know that continuous exposure to UV-B from the sun results in an aged skin with wrinkle formation and can cause Melasma. Melasma is a skin condition characterized by brown or blue-gray patches or freckle-like spots. Sun exposure can cause melasma because ultraviolet rays affect the cells that control pigment.  In this clinical study (35), oral supplementation with Hydrolysed Collagen powder prepared from fish was investigated to evaluate the safety and efficacy to treat melasma. Sixty-two healthy female volunteers who were diagnosed with melasma by a dermatologist were included in the study. They were instructed to take 10 g of Hydrolysed Collagen powder per day along with breakfast for a period of 60 days. The authors reported a reduction in hyperpigmentation with lighter facial skin tone after oral supplementation. The melanin contrast index in the lesion area was reduced in comparison with the placebo group. Their results showed that Hydrolysed Collagen powder inhibited UV-B-induced pigmentation. In another scientific trial (36), conducted by Lee et al, the effects of oral administration of fish collagen peptides on skin protection was studied when exposed to UV-B. They concluded that consumption of Hydrolysed Collagen powder prevented the UV-B induced wrinkle formation. The enhancement of other skin properties was reported such as skin hydration, transepidermal water loss, and epidermis thickness. Further evidence is contained in the results of these 2 studies (37), (38) which suggest that collagen peptide is beneficial as a dietary supplement to suppress UV-B-induced skin damage and photoaging. If you want more information on the amazing health benefits of Hydrolysed Collagen Powder then go to www.collagenx.com.au

The How, When, Where and Why of Hernia - advances in prevention and cure

Now here’s some alarming statistics.  Worldwide, more than 20 million patients undergo groin hernia repair annually.(1) And In Australia,(2) Between the years 2000 and 2015, a total of 324 618 groin hernia repairs were performed on adult patients, 43% by a laparoscopic method. Approximately 40,000 Australians have their hernias surgically repaired every year An estimated 1 in 4 men and 1 in 50 women will require surgery for a hernia during their lifetime.   But my guess is you are not reading this because you’re interested in statistics. You’re probably reading this because you have a hernia yourself or you know someone close to you who does, and you’re looking for answers. Well read on because in this article we reference over 30 scientific studies and highlight the very latest cutting-edge science and innovative health supplements providing exciting advances in prevention and cure. So, what Is a Hernia? A hernia is the protrusion of organs, such as intestines, through a weakened section of the abdominal wall. If left untreated, the split in the muscle widens and greater amounts of tissue or organs are pushed through the opening, forming a sac. This visible lump or bulge is one of the key characteristics of a hernia. Inguinal hernias are located in the lower abdomen just above the leg crease, near or adjacent to the pubic area. They can sometimes occur on both sides of the pubic area, and if they do, they are called bilateral inguinal hernias. Inguinal hernias, along with femoral hernias make up the 2 types of groin hernias and can produce pain that extends into the upper thigh or scrotum. Inguinal hernias can be classified as “direct” or “indirect”. An indirect inguinal hernia occurs through the natural weakness in the internal inguinal ring. A direct inguinal hernia is a result of weakness in the floor of the inguinal canal and is more likely to develop in older men over the age of 40.  A Sportsman's Hernia is a condition of chronic exercise-related groin pain. Generally, it involves a direct inguinal hernia. Symptoms are pain in the groin without any detectable swelling in the groin or any other explanation for the pain.  Femoral hernias, along with inguinal hernias are groin hernias. They are much more common in women but can occur in men. These hernias appear just below the groin crease. A weakness in the lower groin allows an intestinal sac to drop into the femoral canal, a space near the femoral vein that carries blood from the leg. These hernias are more prone than inguinal hernias to develop incarceration or strangulation as an early complication. A hernia that appears in the abdomen at the site of a previous surgery is known as an incisional hernia. These hernias can appear weeks, months, or even years after surgery and can vary in size from small to very large and complex. Epigastric and Ventral hernias are more common in men than women. They occur due to a weakness, gap, or opening in the muscles or tendons of the upper abdominal wall, on a line between the breast bone and the navel or umbilicus. Spigelian Hernia is a protrusion of intestine or an empty sac through a weakness between the muscle fibers of the abdominal wall, often on the right-hand side of the abdomen. Often there is no obvious swelling or lump, so it can make it almost impossible to detect. It develops between the muscles of the abdominal wall rather than protruding through layers of fat.  It may be mistaken for another type of abdominal complaint. This is quite a rare type of hernia which occurs in both male and females. It often develops in later life when the abdominal muscles have become weaker. If the hernia resists manual pressure and can’t be popped back through the abdominal wall, it is known as a non-reducible hernia. This means that the intestinal loop is held tight by the muscular ring, which can lead to further swelling of the loop and eventual strangulation of the entrapped bowel. The femoral hernia is the most susceptible to this complication. Symptoms of a strangulated hernia include nausea, vomiting and severe pain. Prompt medical attention and surgery is vital. Untreated, a strangulated hernia can lead to gangrene of the trapped bowel. Both reducible and non-reducible hernias need to be surgically repaired. The various procedures used depend on the location of the hernia, but may include opening the abdomen and using stitches and nylon meshes to close and reinforce the weakened section of muscle. Inguinal hernias can be repaired using laparoscopic surgery. Advances In Hernia Research Despite technical developments over the last 3 decades, population-based analyses have revealed no pronounced reduction in recurrence rates.  This somewhat surprising finding gives rise to a new concept of hernia biology that puts forward the premise that disturbances in collagen metabolism contribute to hernia disease and high recurrence rates. Studies focusing on hernia as a disease of the extracellular matrix (ECM) reflect a new approach to decipher the biology of recurrent or direct inguinal hernia and incisional hernia formation. The ECM is the non-cellular portion of a tissue. It is a collection of extracellular material produced and secreted by cells into the surrounding medium. The main function of the ECM is to provide structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Our connective tissue supports many different parts of our body, such as our skin, eyes, and heart. It is like a "cellular glue" that gives our body parts their shape and helps keep them strong. It also helps some of our tissues do their work. It is made of many kinds of proteins, predominantly collagen. Collagens are a large family of triple helical proteins that are found throughout our entire body. They have a broad range of functions, including cell adhesion, cell migration, tissue morphogenesis, tissue scaffolding, and tissue repair. Collagens are abundant in ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and in muscle as fibrillar proteins, and not only give structural support to resident cells, but also regulate the resident and inflammatory cell function. Collagen fibres are imbedded in ECM, and undergo a continuous process of synthesis and degradation under the action of matrix metalloproteinases (protein enzymes). Collagen has mechanical properties sufficient to enable it to support healed scars and other tissues. Over 20 distinct types of collagens have been recognized, the most common of which are Types I and III. Type I predominates as healing proceeds whereas Type III collagen is the second most abundant collagen of soft tissues and dominates early phases of wound healing. Many scientists are now studying the role of collagen in hernia and have even defined hernia as a disease of the ECM! It is now suggested that inguinal hernia is not so much a local disease as it is a local manifestation of a systemic disorder of collagen metabolism. Numerous studies are showing that patients with inguinal hernia have some anomalies in collagen metabolism and a changed ratio of collagen types. These studies have revealed marked changes in the abundance, composition, and metabolism of interstitial collagens in patients with recurrent hernia diseases, adult groin hernia and incisional hernia. These observations have led to the suggestion that hernia formation and the recurrence of incisional hernia may be explained by disordered tissue renewal and by abnormal wound healing, respectively. Results of studies (3) conducted as early as 1970 indicated that in inguinal herniation the rectus sheath is thinner than normal. The study shows that a deteriation in the sheet-like facia that joins muscle to other body parts explains the development and recurrence rate of inguinal herniation in adults. Since then, other studies (4), (5), (6) have confirmed that, in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients, a genetic predisposition to the formation of abdominal wall hernias was also suggested. The finding supports the long-held impression of a common ECM defect in both vascular wall and abdominal wall collagen metabolism. The Collagen-Hernia Connection But it was in 1982, when Busuttil (7) a vascular surgeon now renowned for transplantation, reported that the Type I to Type III collagen ratio was decreased in the aortic media of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (a balloon-like bulge in the aorta, the large artery that carries blood from the heart through the chest and torso). More and more studies confirm this collagen imbalance, with Scientists now suggesting that the presence of a high quantity of collagen Type III in the tissue obtained from cases operated for hernia, indicates that there is an intrinsic and inherent weakness in the tissue which makes the individual more prone for developing primary, incisional or recurrent hernias. More recent studies (8) (9) have proved that ventral, recurrent and primary inguinal hernias are not just caused because of a primary defect but an acquired disorder with respect to collagen distribution. This study (10) confirmed previous findings of a significant increase of synthesis of Type III collagen, and also show a similar fall in the Type I / Type III ratio. This index has emerged as a possible tool for determining in any adult with abdominal herniation whether connective tissue disease is present and to what degree. Results of this study (11) by Antonio Britto Casanova et al. published in the American Journal of Surgery, showed 17.3% less total collagen in patients with hernias compared with the control group. Type I collagen in patients with indirect inguinal hernias was 23.7% less than the control group, type III collagen was 6.4% less in the controls. The study concluded that the lower percentages of total collagen and type I collagen in the transversalis fascias (the thin layer of connective tissue lining most of the abdominal cavity) of patients with indirect inguinal hernias could be a factor in hernia formation. This study (12) demonstrated that there was a significant lesser amount of collagen and higher amounts of elastic fibres in transversalis fascia from those patients with direct inguinal hernia as compared to those patients with indirect inguinal hernia. A study by Henriksen NA (13) showed a significant increase in the immature collagen type III with relation to the stronger collagen type I in those patients with a hernia, which further resulted in thinner collagen fibres with a decreased biomechanical strength. A consistent finding was a significant increase in immature type III collagen relative to the stronger type I collagen in patients with a hernia. This resulted in thinner collagen fibres with a correspondingly diminished biomechanical strength. It has been suggested that these alterations are due to variation in the synthesis, maturation or degradation of collagen by matrix metalloproteinases, in combination or alone. The study concluded that hernia formation and recurrence is associated with altered collagen metabolism manifested by a decreased type I:III collagen ratio. Wagh et al.(14) suggested that diminished collagen, in the sheath of the rectus abdominis muscles of patients causes indirect or direct inguinal hernias. They studied the amount of collagen and elastic fibers in the transversalis fascia of 36 male patients with indirect inguinal hernia and 21 with direct inguinal hernia. They were able to demonstrate significantly lower amounts of collagen and higher amounts of elastic fibers in transversalis fascia from patients with direct inguinal hernia compared to indirect inguinal hernia patients. The transversalis fascia from direct inguinal hernia patients showed structural changes of the mature and elaunin elastic fibers, which are responsible for elasticity, and lower density of oxytalan elastic fibers, which are responsible for resistance. These changes promoted loss of resiliency of the transversalis fascia. The study (15) showed that in patients with inguinal hernia, there are less collagen in the hernia's wall. The authors also noticed the thickness of transversalis fascia from hernia patients were 58% thinner than those of the control. They concluded that the direct inguinal hernia patients have less collagen in transversalis fascia either absolutely or relatively to other constitutional elements. These observations indicated that inguinal herniation in the adult could be related to reduced collagen synthesis by fibroblasts, presumably leading to a weakening of the transversus abdominis aponeurosis and transversalis fascia. All of the changes observed were much more marked in those individuals presenting with direct herniation as opposed to the indirect type. Finally, this meta study published in 2016 (16), reviewed  61 published medical articles which revealed that multiple authors suggest a qualitative or quantitative defect in collagen formation as a common factor in hernia formation, and this trend in pathologic studies suggests a link between abnormal collagen production and/or processing that is likely associated with hernia development. So What Is Type I and Type III Collagen? Collagen is our predominant structural protein, especially of abdominal wall fascial layers, comprising 80% or more of structural tissue. It can be found abundantly in organs such as bones, the liver, kidney, heart, teeth, our muscles, tendons, ligament and skin. Collagen provides the necessary structural framework for tissues in which it is found. It also helps the development of the organs, wound and tissue healing, cornea, gums, and scalp repair. Collagen helps in bone and blood vessel reparation. It is present in biological functions of the cell such as proliferation, cell survival, and differentiation. Collagen is also the principal component of the ECM. Type I and III are the most predominant, and comprise 95% of the whole. They interact to form the bundle architecture. Type I are strong and big, whereas Type III are thin and flexible. Normally, the former are approximately four times as prevalent as the latter. Type III collagen is believed to accommodate the expansion and contraction of tissues such as blood vessels and viscera, (the internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially those in the abdomen, e.g. the intestines). Collagen type I is the most common in skin, bone, teeth, tendon, ligaments, vascular ligature, and organs. It comprises about 80% of dermal collagen and plays a major role in providing tensile strength to skin. It is the predominant collagen in mature tendons and ligaments, where it gives them their load-bearing mechanical properties. However, if there are any alterations in the delicate balance of collagen types in the extracellular matrix, then problems arise. Increasing collagen I:III ratio would provide additional rigidity to tissue structure, whereas decreasing this ratio would provide elasticity and flexibility to the tissue. The proper function of tissues is reliant on this scale not tipping too far in either direction. Defects result in either delayed or abnormal collagen synthesis or increased wound protease activity leading to collagen degradation. The result is an imbalance in repair collagen homeostasis leading to a reduction in wound collagen levels, wound tensile strength and an increased risk of mechanical wound failure. The Role of Proline, Hydroxyproline, and Arginine The amino acid, hydroxyproline (HYP), is a major component of collagen, and plays a key role in the stability of the collagen triple helix. Approximately 99.8% of the body's stores of HYP are found in collagen. HYP levels are measured as a marker for total collagen deposition and have shown to be substantially reduced in patients with hernia. In this study (17), scientists measured the structural tissues of patients with inguinal hernias and found they had a significant reduction in their levels of hydroxyproline and collagen. They noted that Isolated fibroblasts from these patients expressed a proliferative defect and a reduced ability to translocate hydroxyproline. Another amino acid found in collagen, Proline, is significantly lower in rectus sheath samples taken from patients with hernia as opposed to those without. This study (18) showed there is a relationship between proline levels with age, and onset of incidence among indirect inguinal hernia.   Arginine (ARG), a semi-essential amino acid, plays a fundamental role in the metabolism of various body components, displaying numerous and peculiar pharmacological effects. It is recruited in the acute and chronic phases of healing and it is a precursor, among other molecules, of nitric oxide (NO), which favours angiogenesis and the healing process as a whole. Angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) is a healing phenomenon of the proliferative phase that occurs so that cells and growth factors can continue the remodeling phase, with collagen maturation and increased tensile strength. In humans, ARG is synthesized in adequate quantities to sustain muscle and connective tissue mass but probably in insufficient quantities for optimal collagen biosynthesis and healing following injury. In situations of stress or injury, body stores of ARG decrease rapidly. It is during these times, in which endogenous synthesis is insufficient to meet the demands of increased protein turnover, that ARG becomes an indispensable amino acid for wound healing and the maintenance of a positive nitrogen balance. Arginine has been shown to enhance wound strength and collagen deposition in artificial incisional wounds in rodents and humans. A role for dietary intervention in the form of arginine supplementation has been proposed to normalize or enhance wound healing in humans (19).  This study (20) showed that in the abdominal wall healing evaluation of Wistar rats under arginine treatment, there was an increase in type I collagen maturation, microvascular density and improvement in scar granulation tissue formation.  Arginine supplements influence growth and healing of skin incisional wounds. This study (21) concluded that arginine is essential for the synthesis of the increased amounts of reparative collagen required for wound healing, and it decreases some of the negative aspects of the metabolic responses to injury and improves wound strength. The best method to support wound collagen biosynthesis is by providing adequate host nutrition. ARG supplementation is most effective in increasing collagen deposition. Experts advise that the best source of Hydroxyproline, Proline, and Arginine is to supplement with Hydrolysed Collagen powder with the three containing over 20% of its whole. Skin as a Marker for Collagen Ratio Friedman et al (22) 1993 described a change in cultured fibroblasts obtained from the skin of patients with inguinal herniation. His team concluded that the presence of such a change would render an individual liable to herniation, incisional breakdown, and reoccurrence. This study was the first attempt which showed the world that individuals with the abnormality in the collagen production have a higher chance for developing hernias. This study (23) published in 1999 indicated that the ratio of collagen type I/III was significantly decreased in the skin of patients with either indirect or direct hernia, with a concomitant increase in collagen type III vs. controls. The authors concluded that the decreased ratios of collagen type I/III could be of significant importance for the pathophysiology of hernias. The specific ratio collagen I/III probably reflects the altered structural integrity and mechanical stability of the connective tissue in both indirect and direct hernias.  The decreased tensile strength of collagen type III plays a key role in the development of incisional hernias (24). The data from the 2002 study confirmed that the presence of incisional hernia is accompanied by impaired collagen synthesis in the skin. Again confirming that the decreased tensile strength of collagen type III may play a key role in the development of incisional hernias. Not only that, but it might explain the high recurrence rates of hernia repair by simple closure, as a repetition of the primarily failing technique, and the improvement by the additional use of alloplastic material. A study by Peeters, DeHertogh, Junge, in 2014, (25)  compared the collagen type I/III ratio in patients with primary inguinal, recurrent inguinal, primary incisional and recurrent incisional hernia with controls and demonstrated that the ratio was significantly lower in skin and anterior rectus sheath fascia of the cases and also showed that incisional and recurrent inguinal hernia had lower ratio than primary inguinal hernia patients. And the important point noticed was that collagen type I/III ratio in skin was representative for that in abdominal wall fascia. Does Collagen Improve Scar Tissue? In this study (26) scientists found that patients with recurring hernias exhibited a significantly decreased ratio of Type I collagen to Type III. They concluded that the composition of scar tissue with a lowered collagen type I/III ratio and therefore, reduced tensile strength, may be a major contribution to hernia recurrence. In this study (27), skin scars from patients with either primary or recurrent incisional and recurrent inguinal hernias, were analyzed for overall collagen content and for the distribution of collagen types I and III. They found that patients with recurrent incisional hernia showed lowest ratios of collagen types I to III. The expression of tenascin (an adhesion-modulating extracellular matrix protein) was notably decreased in all hernia groups. They concluded that the observed alterations in the expression of collagen-interacting proteins again indicate the possibility of a fundamental connective tissue disease as the causal factor in the pathogenesis of (recurrent) incisional hernias. It is the pathological changes in collagen that set the stage for the development of a hernia.  New Theories in Hernia Repair and Prevention The causes of hernias are multi factorial, the components of the extracellular matrix, and the importance of collagen which promote a loss of resistance and elasticity of the transversalis fascia determines the onset and recurrences of hernias.  In Australia, leaders in hernia surgery are now recommending their patients ingest marine collagen powder pre and post operation as studies (28) have shown a transient increase in collagen-derived peptides, especially of Pro-Hyp, in the blood and skin after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate. Collagen hydrolysate, a well-known nutritional supplement for the improvement of healthy skin, consists of small peptides with low molecular weight. Due to its low molecular weight, hydrolysed collagen is easily digestible, absorbed and distributed in the human body. When administered orally, hydrolysed collagen reaches the small intestine where it is absorbed into the blood stream, both in the form of small collagen peptides and free amino acids. Through the network of blood vessels, these collagen peptides and free amino acids are then distributed in the human body, in particular to the dermis, where it has been proven they can remain up to 14 days. In the dermis, hydrolysed collagen has a dual action mechanism: 1) free amino acids provide building blocks for the formation of collagen and elastin fibres; 2) collagen oligopetides act as ligands, binding to receptors present on the fibroblasts’ membrane and stimulate the production of new collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid. What is Hydrolysed Collagen Supplementation Effects on Wound Healing? Addressing the innate collagen deficit through collagen supplementation offers a promising strategy to restore ECM homeostasis and aid cutaneous wound healing. To this aim, there has been increased interest in the use of orally administered nutraceutical collagen peptides derived from animal skin collagen, constituting a mixture of low-molecular-weight, water-soluble peptides that are rich in amino acids such as hydroxyproline, glycine, arginine, and proline.  Pro-Hyp is a low molecular weight growth-initiating factor for specific fibroblasts that is involved in the wound healing process. Pro-Hyp is also supplied to tissues by oral administration of gelatin or collagen hydrolysate. Thus, supplementation of gelatin or collagen hydrolysate has therapeutic potential for chronic and incisional wounds. Animal studies and human clinical trials (29) have demonstrated that the ingestion of gelatin or collagen hydrolysate enhances the healing of pressure ulcers in animals and humans and improves delayed wound healing in diabetic animals. Therefore, the low molecular weight fibroblast growth-initiating factor, Pro-Hyp, plays a significant role in wound healing and has therapeutic potential for chronic wounds. This study (30) was designed to investigate the effect of marine collagen peptides on wound healing and angiogenesis in rats. 96 animals were randomly treated with marine collagen peptides. Wound closure and tensile strength were calculated. The results showed that hydrolysed collagen reduced matrix metalloproteinase-1 production (the enzyme that degrades collagen), and increased the synthesis of type 1 procollagen. The plasma concentrations of Gly-Pro and Pro-Hyp increased dramatically. The rats treated with marine collagen peptides showed quicker wound closure and better tissue regeneration at the wound site. Moreover, marine collagen peptides treatment improved angiogenesis and contributed in forming a thicker and better organised collagen fiber deposition when compared to the control group. These studies show that the structural and mechanical properties of collagen within the ECM are key to tissue integrity. Addressing the innate collagen deficit within aged skin through collagen supplementation therefore offers a promising strategy to restore ECM homeostasis and aid cutaneous wound healing. So the benefits from ingestion of collagen powder may be threefold. 1. Improving the ratio of Type I to Type III collagen in the body; 2. Increasing the healing time of wounds; and 3. improving the strength of scar tissue. So Which Hydrolysed Collagen is Best? Leading Australian hernia surgeons are now recommending CollagenX, as their preferred brand for its proven results in clinical studies (31) and because of its purity. The study published in the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology in 2020, uses CollagenX Hydrolysed Collagen Powder and demonstrates that collagen peptides significantly increase wound closure rates in both young and aged fibroblasts. These results corroborate previous studies revealing enhanced fibroblast proliferation through the addition of prolyl-hydroxyproline-containing collagen peptides. The use of Collagenx hydrolysates as food or dietary supplements for the improvement of skin, joint, and bone health properties is increasing. CollagenX hydrolysed marine collagen powder is a fish-derived type I collagen hydrolysate that has a unique amino acid profile that constitutes high amounts of Proline, Hydroxyproline and Alanine. So the new frontiers of science and cutting-edge health supplementation may just be providing the good news all hernia suffers have been waiting for.

Does Collagen Prevent Cancer?

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and finding effective prevention strategies is crucial. Recent research has explored whether hydrolysed collagen, a supplement known for its many and various health benefits, can also help prevent cancer. In this blog, we'll delve into the science behind hydrolysed collagen and its potential role in inhibiting tumor growth. Can Hydrolysed Collagen Inhibit Tumor Growth? Let's See What Research Says The Link Between Chronic Inflammation and Cancer The functional relationship between inflammation and cancer is not new. In 1863, Virchow hypothesized that the origin of cancer was at sites of chronic inflammation. It is now accepted within both the medical and scientific community that chronic inflammation is a major underlying condition of many age-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, arthritis, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, dementia, vascular diseases, obesity and metabolic syndrome (Yu and Chung, 2006). More specifically, there are several reviews suggesting a direct relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer Moss et al 2005  Aggarwal et al 2006;. In fact, Inflammation has been identified as a hallmark of tumorigenesis (1). Hydrolyzed collagen (HC), a popular supplement, has emerged as a potential weapon in the fight against cancer due to its unique amino acid profile. Let's explore the research on HC and its potential effects on different cancers. Hydrolysed Collagen: A Potential Cancer Fighter Hydrolysed collagen (HC) is a form of collagen that has been broken down into smaller peptides, making it easier for the body to absorb. It is commonly used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals for its numerous health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. As a healthcare supplement, HC has a variety of interesting health benefits, such as antiatherosclerotic activity (1), antitumor activity (2) and preventing osteoporosis (3).  Hydrolyzed collagen is a rich source of various amino acids, the building blocks of protein. These amino acids play a crucial role in building and maintaining tissues throughout the body. Here's a closer look at how one special  amino acid in HC, glycine, might impact different cancers: Skin Cancer: Skin cancer is a prevalent concern, and scientists are actively researching preventive measures. Glycine, an abundant amino acid in HC, shows promise. A study published in the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (4) suggests that glycine may inhibit the formation of new blood vessels in tumors (angiogenesis). This essentially starves cancer cells of the nutrients they need to grow. Liver Cancer: Liver cancer poses a significant health threat. Research suggests that glycine may play a vital role in preventing liver cancer. A study published in the scientific journal Cancer Research (5) highlights glycine's ability to inhibit the activity of specific enzymes known to promote tumor growth. By hindering these enzymes, glycine disrupts the cancer's ability to thrive. Lung Cancer: lung carcinoma tumors contain high levels of glycine decarboxylase (GLDC), an enzyme that breaks down the body’s stores of glycine. Overexpression of GLDC stimulates the generation of tumors and the proliferation of self-renewing tumor-initiating cells (TIC), and high GLDC levels are associated with poor survival rates in patients. No therapeutic agents have been developed against GLDC until now. Surana and Wee identified that inhibiting the enzyme that degrades Glycine was highly therapeutic. The same effect can be achieved by supplying extra Glycine through supplementing with Hydrolysed Collagen. Brain Cancer: Brain tumors are particularly aggressive, making effective treatment crucial. Research published in the scientific journal Nature, (6) sheds light on a potential vulnerability of brain cancer cells. The study suggests that certain brain cancer cells rely on an enzyme that breaks down glycine. By providing extra glycine through HC supplementation, these cancer cells may be starved and die. World renowned Biologist Dr. Ray Peat Ph D, comments that: “When collagen is broken down, it releases factors that promote wound healing and suppress tumor invasiveness. Glycine itself is one of the factors promoting wound healing and tumor inhibition. It has a wide range of antitumor actions, including the inhibition of new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), and it has shown protective activity in liver cancer and melanoma. Since glycine is non-toxic (if the kidneys are working, since any amino acid will contribute to the production of ammonia), this kind of chemotherapy can be pleasant." Why Collagen 'Type' Matters Mount Sinai researchers have uncovered how cancer cells can stay dormant for years after leaving a primary tumor, only to later reawaken and form metastatic cancer. This study, published in Nature Cancer in December 2021, found that these cells achieve dormancy by creating a protective environment enriched with type III collagen. This collagen acts as a suppressive layer around the cells, preventing them from becoming cancerous. When this collagen level decreases, the cells awaken and can start to form metastatic tumors. The researchers found that by increasing type III collagen around the dormant cells in these mouse models, they could force the cells to stay inactive, potentially stopping cancer recurrence. In patient samples, higher levels of this collagen were associated with a reduced risk of recurrence, suggesting it could serve as a biomarker for predicting metastasis. Lead researcher Dr. Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero from Mount Sinai’s Tisch Cancer Institute suggested that enriching the tumor environment with type III collagen could be a promising therapy. This approach might prevent the reactivation of dormant cells, potentially opening new pathways for cancer remission and lowering the risk of metastasis How To Help Protect Your Body Against Cancer With the growing body of research supporting hydrolysed collagen’s potential in cancer prevention, it’s worth considering as part of a holistic approach to health. CollagenX Hydrolysed collagen, particularly those with high glycine content and Type III collagen, like Glymax and Bovine Collagen, could be a valuable addition to your health regimen. Stay informed and proactive about your health choices. Consider high-quality hydrolysed collagen supplements to support your overall well-being and potentially reduce cancer risk.

Is Collagen Peptide Bad For Your Kidneys?

When I upped my powdered hydrolysed collagen intake to a whopping 40 grams a day (that’s 4 table spoons), a friend told me I was crazy and heading for severe kidney damage! WHAT!! Renal Failure I thought?!! Really? I panicked and went straight to Dr. Google (as you do) to get some answers. Well what I found was plenty of collagen ‘experts’ out there (health gurus, pseudo doctors, celebrities, even suburban housewives) none of who really addressed my question – does taking too much hydrolysed collagen damage your kidneys? I suspect because they have got no idea themselves. So that inspired (well scared) me into embarking on a quest to find the scientific evidence and  ultimately the truth. I put in the hours, trawled through the bowels of PubMed and Google Scholar, and after months of painstaking research, I found the unequivocal answer to my question.  So, “does taking hydrolysed Collagen powder damage your kidneys?" Well, based on all the literary evidence, the short and simple answer is NO! To put it straight, there is no evidence that taking even extremely high daily doses of Collagen over long periods of time will have any negative impact on healthy kidneys.  And how did I come to this conclusion I hear you ask. Well, read on.  But first. we need to understand two things, - just exactly what is hydrolysed collagen and what is the function of the kidneys. Shop Bovine Collagen Peptide Powder How is Hydrolysed Collagen Made? Hydrolysed collagen is also called collagen hydrolysate, collagen peptide, hydrolysedgelatine or gelatinehydrolysate. This research article published in Journal Of Applied Sciences describes Collagen as: ‘not a uniform substance, but rather a family of protein. It is a group of naturally occurring proteins found in animals, especially in the flesh and connective tissues of mammals. For food or nutritional purpose, collagen is broken down into gelatine, which can be broken down further into hydrolysed collagen. Hydrolysed collagen is a polypeptide composite made by further hydrolysis of denatured collagen or gelatin and the molecular weights are within the range approximately 500 to 25000 Da. In hydrolysate, the molecular mass and the size of the molecules have been deliberately decreased by hydrolysis part of peptide bonds of the gelatine molecules. This will make the hydrolysed collagen dissolve in cold water and does not gel anymore but still has surface active properties. The processes involved in processing hydrolysed collagen are demineralisation, extraction of collagen to gelatine, enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain hydrolysed collagen, ion exchange, filtration, evaporation, sterilisation and finally drying’. The process is shown in the following diagrams:    1. Process for production of hydrolysed collagen using combined method 2.Process for production of hydrolysed collagen using commercial gelatine as raw material The enzymatic hydrolysis process yields improved functional and nutritional benefits in contrast to heat denaturation or native applications.[2] When administered orally, hydrolysed collagen reaches the small intestine where it is absorbed into the blood stream, both in the form of small collagen peptides and free amino acids.[3] Through the network of blood vessels, these collagen peptides and free amino acids are then distributed in the human body, reaching the target tissue of their bioactivity, e.g. skin, bone or cartilage, they deliver a messaging signal to the local cells positively influencing its function, and in particular to the skin, where it has been proven they can remain up to 14 days. As functional foods, collagen peptides have been shown to exhibit important physiological functions with a positive impact on health. Numerous studies have shown an improvement in skin elasticity, the recovery of lost cartilage tissue, reduced activity-related joint pain, strengthened tendons and ligaments, increased lean body mass in elderly men and premenopausal women, increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, and activate protection against UVA radiation.   Shop Fish Collagen Peptide Powder What Is The Function of Our Kidneys? Basically, your kidneys filter waste compounds, excess nutrients and liquids out of the bloodstream, to produce urine. About 20% of the blood your heart pumps through your body goes to the kidneys. In an adult, the kidneys may filter around 180 litres of blood every single day. A test which measures how well the kidneys filter blood and remove waste is the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). It’s really a test used to check how well the kidneys are working. Specifically, it estimates how much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute. Glomeruli are the tiny filters in the kidneys that filter waste from the blood. Kidneys can acutely increase the GFR, or the rate of filtration of the blood. They do this in response to dietary protein intake[4], and the lack of this compensation in some forms of kidney damage are a reason protein intake is controlled for in kidney disease management. Some say that your kidneys need to work hard to clear the metabolites of protein from your body, leading to increased strain on the kidneys. At the center of the controversy is the theory that habitual consumption of dietary protein in excess of recommended amounts promotes chronic renal disease through increased glomerular pressure and hyperfiltration. Now, Hydrolysed Collagen can contain up to 97% protein, so I needed to explore this further and find out where this theory came from.   Shop Marine Collagen Peptide Powder The Brenner Hypothesis Perhaps the most consistently cited reference with regard to the potentially harmful effects of dietary protein intake on renal function is that of Brenner et al. [5]. In brief, the Brenner Hypothesis states that situations associated with increased glomerular filtration and glomerular pressure cause renal injury, ultimately compromise renal function, and potentially increase the risk for or progression of renal disease. Brenner proposed that habitual consumption of excessive dietary protein negatively impacted kidney function by a sustained increased in glomerular pressure and renal hyperfiltration. Since the majority of scientific evidence cited by the authors was generated from animal models and patients with co-existing renal disease, extension of this relationship to healthy individuals with normal renal function is inappropriate. Indeed, a relationship between increased glomerular pressure or hyperfiltration and the onset or progression of renal disease in healthy individuals has not been clearly documented in the scientific literature. Rather, findings from numerous studies suggest otherwise, such as this study on Dietary protein intake and renal function [6] published in 2005 in the Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism in London which found: ‘no significant evidence for a detrimental effect of high protein intakes on kidney function in healthy persons after centuries of a high protein Western diet'. The author of the study goes on to say: ‘Although high protein diets cause changes in renal function (i.e., increased GFR) and several related endocrine factors that may be harmful to individuals with renal disease, there is not sufficient research to extend these findings to healthy individuals with normal renal function at this time’. The study concludes that: ‘the literature lacks significant research demonstrating a link between protein intake and the initiation or progression of renal disease in healthy individuals. More importantly, evidence suggests that protein-induced changes in renal function are likely a normal adaptive mechanism well within the functional limits of a healthy kidney. There is not sufficient proof to warrant public health directives aimed at restricting dietary protein intake in healthy adults for the purpose of preserving renal function’. In another clinical study, examining the effect on renal function (creatinine clearance and inulin clearance) from changes in chronic dietary protein intake in healthy male subjects [7] further backs up these findings and ‘fails to show an effect of changes in chronic protein intake on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)’. Further evidence comes from this study [8] conducted by the Institute of Physical Education and Kinesiotherapy, Free University of Brussels, Belgium who investigated body-builders and other well-trained athletes with high and medium protein intake in order to find evidence that high protein intake by athletes has no harmful consequences on renal function. The authors of the study found that: ‘When looking at active male athletes and measuring urinary creatinine, albumin, and urea, no significant changes were seen in dosage ranges of 1.28-2.8g/kg bodyweight’. It appears that protein intake under 2.8 g.kg does not impair renal function in well-trained athletes as indicated by the measures of renal function used in this study'. And this study [9] in 2011 conducted to investigate whether dietary protein is associated with impaired renal function suggests: ‘higher protein intake is not associated with impaired renal function among postmenopausal women’. In May 2014, the first ever meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of High Protein diets on outcomes of renal function in subjects without Chronic Kidney Disease [10] and concluded that: ‘high protein diets were associated with increased GFR, serum urea, urinary calcium excretion, and serum concentrations of uric acid. Most of these changes could be interpreted as physiological adaptive mechanism induced by high protein diet without any clinical relevance’.  And this study [11] conducted as far back as 1983 concludes that:         ‘The capacity of the kidney to increase its level of function with protein intake suggests a renal function reserve’. ie; Instead of being a pathophysiological reaction, high protein-induced changes in kidney function such as the increase in GFR might as well represent a physiological adaptation process. Also, the authors of this study [12], published in 2016, and conducted to determine the effects of a high protein diet on healthy resistance-trained men over a one-year period concludes: ‘Our investigation discovered that, in resistance-trained men that consumed a high protein diet (~2.51-3.32 g/kg/d) for one year, there were no harmful effects on measures of blood lipids as well as liver and kidney function. In addition, despite the total increase in energy intake during the high protein phase, subjects did not experience an increase in fat mass’. And finally, the most recent evidence comes from this meta study [13] published in November 2018 in the Journal of Nutrition. Researchers analysed data from 28 papers dating from 1975 to 2016, examining the effects of a low/normal protein intake versus higher protein diets on GFR in health individuals. The scientific trials included data from 1358 participants and concluded that High Protein diet intakes do not adversely influence kidney function on GFR in healthy adults. The participants in these trials included those who were healthy, obese, or had type 2 diabetes and/or high blood pressure. None of the participants were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and all consumed either a high, moderate or low-protein diet. A high-protein diet included either 1.5 grams of protein per kilogram of bodyweight per day, at least 20% of total caloric intake coming from protein or at least 100 grams of protein per day. Stuart Phillips, a professor of kinesiology at McMaster University, who oversaw the study says: " there's just no evidence to support this hypothesis in fact, the evidence shows the contrary is true: higher protein increases, not decreases, kidney function," "While there is a mountain of evidence showing the benefits of higher protein consumption, some people are still afraid it could cause kidney damage" says Michaela Devries-Aboud, lead author of the study and assistant professor of kinesiology at the University of Waterloo, who conducted the analysis as a postdoctoral fellow at McMaster. "With these findings, we have shown that a higher protein diet is safe. In fact, it should be viewed as an important tool for muscle health across an entire lifespan." According to Phillips, "Protein causing kidney damage just lacks any support. I think we can put this concept to rest”.   Shop 40 Up Collagen Protein Powder So, Just How Much Protein Can We Have and still be Safe?   Well, the International Society of Sports Nutrition [14] comments that: 'Despite a plethora of studies demonstrating safety, much concern still exists surrounding the clinical implications of consuming increased amounts of protein, particularly on renal and hepatic health. The majority of these concerns stem from renal failure patients and educational dogma that has not been rewritten as evidence mounts to the contrary. Certainly, it is clear that people in renal failure benefit from protein-restricted diets, but extending this pathophysiology to otherwise healthy exercise-trained individuals who are not clinically compromised is inappropriate. Published reviews on this topic consistently report that an increased intake of protein by competitive athletes and active individuals provides no indication of hepato-renal harm or damage. This is supported by a recent commentary which referenced recent reports from the World Health Organisation where they indicated a lack of evidence linking a high protein diet to renal disease. Likewise, the panel charged with establishing reference nutrient values for Australia and New Zealand also stated there was no published evidence that elevated intakes of protein exerted any negative impact on kidney function in athletes or in general'. Recently, Antonio and colleagues published a series of original investigations that prescribed extremely high amounts of protein (~3.4–4.4 g/kg/day) and have consistently reported no harmful effects [15],[16],[17],[18]. The first study in 2014 had resistance-trained individuals consume an extremely high protein diet (4.4 g/kg/day) for eight weeks and reported no change in adverse outcomes. A follow-up investigation required participants to ingest up to 3.4 g/kg/day of protein for eight weeks while following a prescribed resistance training program and reported no changes in any of the blood parameters commonly used to assess clinical health (e.g., there was no effect on kidney or liver function). Their next study employed a crossover study design in twelve healthy resistance-trained men in which each participant was tested before and after for body composition as well as blood-markers of health and performance. In one eight-week block, participants followed their normal (habitual) diet (2.6 g/kg/day) and in the other eight-week block, participants were prescribed to ingest greater than 3.0 g/kg/day resulting in an average protein intake of 2.9 g/kg/day over the entire 16-week study. No changes in body composition were reported, and importantly, no clinical side effects were observed throughout the study. Finally, the same group of authors published a one-year crossover study in fourteen healthy resistance-trained men. When prescribed to a high protein diet, the participants were instructed to ingest 3 g/kg/day and achieved an average intake of 3.3 g/kg/day and when following their normal diet they consumed 2.5 g/kg/day. This investigation showed that the chronic consumption of a high protein diet (i.e., for 1 year) had no harmful effects on kidney or liver function. Furthermore, there were no alterations in clinical markers of metabolism and blood lipids. The key points from the research are: Multiple review articles indicate that no controlled scientific evidence exists indicating that increased intakes of protein pose any health risks in healthy, exercising individuals. Statements by large regulatory bodies have also indicated that concerns about one’s health secondary to ingesting high amounts of protein are unfounded. A series of controlled investigations spanning up to one year in duration utilising protein intakes of up to 2.5–3.3 g/kg/day in healthy resistance-trained individuals consistently indicate that increased intakes of protein exert no harmful effect on blood lipids or markers of kidney and liver function.  So, the verdict’s in. In adults without established kidney disease, these studies suggest that eating more dietary protein causes an increase in GFR, serum urea, and urinary calcium excretion. However, it does not cause an increase in urinary albumin excretion, which is the most sensitive marker of kidney damage. These changes can be interpreted as normal physiological adaptive mechanisms induced by eating more protein. This conclusion is shared by the World Health Organisation in their official report published in 2002 on PROTEIN AND AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS IN HUMAN NUTRITION [19] where they state on page 231 that  "the most widely quoted potential problem (of a high protein diet) relate to renal function and damage, but the evidence for such claims in otherwise healthy individuals does not stand up to scrutiny’.   Shop All CollagenX Supplements So Does Hydrolysed Collagen Act Differently on the Kidneys? I mean is hydrolysed collagen safe? And how much can I take and for how long? Well most hydrolysed collagen’s are around 90% protein however percentage and purity varies with brand so make sure you read the label. This one [20] contains one of the highest protein content on the market and is 97% protein on a dry weight basis. Its purity is second to none. So what do the clinical studies tell us? Well here are some studies specifically using hydrolysed collagen. This recent study[21] conducted in May 2019 was to determine the maximum level of dietary collagen peptides that can be incorporated in the Western pattern diet while maintaining its indispensable amino acid balance. The study suggests that the effective amounts of functional collagen peptides (2.5 to 15 g per day) observed in the literature are below the maximum level of collagen that may be incorporated in the standard American diet. But more over, this study[22] published back in 2011 in order to define the oral chronic toxicity of collagen in rats found: 'No evidence of significant adverse effect or health risk was indicated from the chronic toxicity assessment of hydrolysed collagen up to the diet concentration of 18%, estimated to be 8.586 g/kg·bw/day for females and 6.658 g/kg·bw/day for males. The study results provide an experimental basis for hydrolysed collagen to be safely used as ingredients of functional foods or pharmaceuticals’. So, to put these results into a human perspective, a woman weighing lets say 60 kg could, according to this study, take 515g of collagen and a man of 80 kg could theoretically take 532g (that’s over half a kilo for each) every day for 2 years and have no toxic effects in the body. These 2 studies[23],[24] affirm the fore-mentioned evidence that collagen appears to be safe in rodents given extremely high doses of collagen over extended periods. So to Sum Up. The overwhelming evidence proves that eating a high protein diet or supplementing with even extremely high doses of collagen hydrolysate does not harm the kidneys in healthy people. Although some people still theorise that dramatically increasing protein intake in a short timespan may lead to adverse effects on the kidneys, the evidence to support this is lacking.

Why This Vegetarian Started Taking Marine Collagen Powder

I chose to add fish once a week to my vegetarian diet a couple of years ago because deficiencies in my protein intake had reduced my lean body mass, muscle strength, and function. At 42 years old, people were noticing the decline in my physical appearance. (And frankly, so was I!) Yeah, I know, having a little bit of fish now officially disqualifies me as a vegetarian but then, when I also found that my insufficient consumption of protein was the cause of my muscle cramping, weakness, and prolonged muscle soreness during and after my training sessions, I was extremely stressed out (mentally and physically). See, I live an active life, play 'friendly' competitive sport, and fitness train a couple of times a week. But for me, (yep there's a BUT) getting that small amount of animal protein into my diet just wasn’t cutting it. I was still weak and tired and I just couldn't seem to increase my lean muscle mass. So, after doing the research, I began supplementing my diet with Marine Collagen powder and within a couple of months, my life (and health) changed dramatically for the better. You see, what I discovered was that, according to the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, for building muscle mass and for maintaining muscle mass through a positive muscle protein balance, an overall daily protein intake in the range of 1.4–2.0 g protein/kg body weight/day is needed for most exercising individuals, a value that falls in line within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range published by the Institute of Medicine for protein. Hell, I did the math and I was getting nowhere near that amount of protein in my diet. And here’s the ‘double whammy’. As we age we develop a resistance to the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis following meal intake. This ‘anabolic resistance’ makes our body protein compartments, notably skeletal muscle, unable to compensate for protein losses during the post-absorptive period. Net protein loss at the skeletal muscle level progressively causes a generalised reduction in skeletal muscle mass and function called ‘sarcopenia’. Sarcopenia is recognised as an actual disease by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and listed in the international classification of diseases.  Furthermore, the older we get we generally eat less animal products (well in my case it was almost nil), due to a blunted appetite for protein-rich foods, reduced chewing efficiency, metabolic abnormalities requiring a reduction of animal food products, and other socio-economic factors. What I found out was, plant-based proteins have less of an anabolic effect on the body than animal proteins due to their lower digestibility, lower essential amino acid content (especially the amino acid leucine), and deficiency in other essential amino acids, such as sulfur amino acids or lysine. Plant amino acids are directed toward oxidation rather than used for muscle protein synthesis. No wonder people were commenting on my bony frame. I learned that dietary protein quality is assessed based on the essential amino acid composition of a protein as it relates to human needs and the ability of the protein to be digested, absorbed, and retained by the body [1]. The nutritional value of dietary proteins is, therefore, related to the bioavailability of its constitutive amino acids and depends on the efficiency of their metabolic utilisation to meet the amino acid requirements necessary for growth and body protein turnover [2]. Plant-based proteins are less digestible than animal proteins [3]. This could be due to the different structure of plant versus animal proteins. The secondary structure of plant proteins is characterised by their resistance to proteolysis, (the breakdown of proteins or peptides into amino acids by the action of enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract). In addition, plant-based sources contain non-starch polysaccharides or fibers that impede the access of enzymes to proteins and could induce a decrease in protein digestibility [4]. The presence of some bioactive compounds named antinutritional factors, such as phytic acid, protease inhibitors, hemagglutinins, glucosinolates, tannins, and gossypol, could also affect the digestibility of plant-based protein sources [5].    So What Source of Protein Powder is Best? So began my quest to find a quality protein supplement that was bioavailable and suited my lifestyle and diet. Along my journey I came across many studies comparing the benefits of dairy protein over plant based protein including this study by Wilkinson et al. [6] which showed that in young men who performed resistance exercise, the consumption of skimmed milk was characterised by a 43% higher muscle protein synthesis rate than in subjects who in the same condition consumed drinks containing soy protein isolate.  In older adults, the muscle protein synthesis rate was 30–40% lower following the consumption of a given quantity of soy or wheat protein hydrolysates than with whey protein isolate or micellar casein [7] ,8]. And this study on young men by Hartman et al. [9] assessed the impact of soy intake with resistance exercise on lean muscle growth and showed that the consumption of a drink containing ≈17.5 g soy protein during a 12 week period of resistance exercise training resulted in a 28% lower gain in lean body mass than when exercise was followed by a milk protein drink. Volek et al. [10] also demonstrated that the lean body mass gain in young men was 45% lower after consumption of 20 g of soy protein isolate compared to whey protein concentrate during a 36 week period of resistance exercise training.  Okay, that's all well-and-good if you’re a milk lover, but I just can’t eat and drink copious quantities of dairy. Lets face it, not many of us can. And anyway, I’m milk intolerant!   Will Collagen Peptides help Build Muscle? Determined to find the optimal protein powder for my body and lifestyle, I dug deeper and found a recent double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical study (11) performed in the UK demonstrating that the subjects who were supplemented with hydrolysed collagen experienced 20% less muscle soreness at all time points after intense exercise, compared with those who received a placebo dose, and this study published in the British Journal of Nutrition [12]  which demonstrated that the combination of resistance exercise and collagen peptide supplementation resulted in a more pronounced improvement of body composition, as indicated by a significant increase in muscle mass and decrease in fat mass, compared with placebo. In addition, the study says, muscular strength was significantly improved after collagen peptide intake compared with the training programme plus placebo. Now I’m on to something I thought. However, many believe that collagen is generally regarded as having a relatively low biological value, mainly due to the low amount of Branch Chain Amino Acids and lysine. But nevertheless, the mixture of amino acids has been shown to be superior compared with whey protein in maintaining the body’s nitrogen balance and body weight during a low-protein diet( 13 ). Eureka! In addition, collagen powder contains relatively high amounts of arginine and glycine, both known to be important substrates for the synthesis of creatine in the human body( 14 ). Creatine is a substance that is found naturally in muscle cells. It helps your muscles produce energy during heavy lifting or high-intensity exercise.   The Holistic Benefits of Marine Collagen Powder The bioactive proteins and collagen peptides derived from marine fish have gained enormous interest in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical industries due to their broad spectrum of bioactivities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-aging activities. Recently, the development of cosmeceuticals using marine fish-derived proteins and collagen peptides has increased rapidly owing to their activities in antioxidation and tissue regeneration. Marine fish-derived collagen has been utilised for the development of cosmeceutical products due to its abilities in skin repair and tissue regeneration. Marine fish-derived peptides have also been utilised for various cosmeceutical applications due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activities. In addition, marine fish-derived proteins and collagen hydrolysates demonstrated efficient anti-photoaging activity. So the takeout of all this is that high-quality protein consumption, like that found in pure marine collagen powder,  optimises protein metabolism at both the whole-body and skeletal-muscle level, especially as we get on in years. Plant-based protein sources that are rich in fiber and micronutrients may be valuable, but they have lower anabolic potential than animal-based proteins. With a unique amino acid profile, collagen peptides, like ‘Collagenx’ hydrolysed marine collagen, contain high levels of the amino acids glycine, hydroxyproline, proline, alanine and arginine – providing specific sports nutritional benefits. In short, they offer multiple benefits linked to muscles, recovery and connective tissue support. It is clear that adding dietary supplements or functional foods and beverages to your diet can help achieve a preventative effect. Hydrolysed collagen powder is gaining widespread acceptance due to a growing body of scientific evidence. I mix a heaped tablespoon (around 10 grams) of 'Collagenx' with my favourite foods and drinks like coffee, smoothies and pancakes, once a day and I've achieved astounding results to my health and vitality. Now, I'm stronger, have more lean muscle, and heaps more energy.

Collagen Powder for Beautiful Skin, Hair and Nails

Beautiful skin on the outside needs a healthy foundation on the inside. A growing body of research has shown how certain nutrients, and in particular collagen peptides, can significantly improve skin and promote beauty from within. Collagen is the main protein of connective tissue in animals and the most abundant protein in mammals. Along with soft keratin, it is responsible for skin strength and elasticity, and its degradation leads to wrinkles that accompany ageing. CollagenX Hydrolysed Collagen Powder: A Skin Superfood CollagenX’s hydrolysed collagen powder is rich in 18 amino acids, with glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline making up around 50% of its total amino acid content. The concentration of glycine and proline in CollagenX’s hydrolysed collagen is significantly higher compared to other protein sources, offering unique health benefits. CollagenX hydrolysed collagen peptides are safe, bioactive peptides, optimised to be easily digestible, highly bioavailable and effective in delivering specific benefits to skin tissue.  The Power of Collagen Peptides for Youthful Skin CollagenX’s hydrolysed collagen peptides are safe, bioactive, and optimized for easy digestion and maximum bioavailability. Supported by extensive scientific research, CollagenX has been shown to deliver visible anti-aging effects after just one month of use in clinical studies. From the age of around 30 years, skin cells (fibroblasts) activity starts to slow down, leading to a loss of collagen density and the first appearance of visible signs of ageing such as wrinkle formation, dehydration and loss of firmness. CollagenX Hydrolysed Collagen can counteract these effects of aging and promote a more youthful appearance by supplying a boost and a restructuring effect on the skin's collagen network from within.   By stimulating the production of hyaluronic acid, CollagenX  hydrolysed collagen peptide also offers skin hydration benefits. The efficacy of CollagenX hydrolysed collagen is backed by a large body of evidence, and including three controlled studies on women. Clinical Evidence Backing CollagenX: Collagen Fragmentation Reduction: Studies have shown a significant decrease in collagen fragmentation in the dermis layer, leading to improved skin quality and a more youthful appearance. Collagen Density Increase: CollagenX’s intake has been linked to an increase in collagen density, further boosting skin health and resilience. Skin Hydration Enhancement: By stimulating hyaluronic acid production, CollagenX helps improve skin hydration levels, combating common issues associated with aging skin such as dryness and dehydration. Achieve Radiant, Youthful Skin with CollagenX A randomized clinical trial involving women aged 40-65 demonstrated the effectiveness of CollagenX in improving skin health. The study revealed a significant reduction in collagen fragmentation and an increase in collagen density and skin hydration levels after regular consumption of CollagenX hydrolysed collagen. Stimulating Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis:  An ex vivo study also showcased CollagenX’s ability to enhance acidic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) presence in the epidermis, particularly hyaluronic acid, resulting in improved skin moisture and hydration levels. Invest in Your Skin’s Health Today with CollagenXReferences: 1. Transparency Market Research, 20152. Cosgrove, M.C. et al., 2007, “Dietary Nutrient Intakes and Skin-Aging Appearance Among Middle-Aged American Women”, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 86 (4): 1225-12313. Asserin, J. et al., 2015, “The Effect of Oral Collagen Peptide Supplementation on Skin Moisture and the Dermal Collagen Network”, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14: 291-301. doi: 10.1111/jocd.121744. Borumand, M. et al., 2014, “Daily Consumption of the Collagen Supplement Pure Gold Collagen® Reduces Visible Signs of Aging”, Clinical Interventions in Aging, 9: 1747-1758 To learn more about the benefits of CollagenX for your skin, visit CollagenX Beauty From Within page.  

Collagen Powder for Healthy Ageing

Today’s active agers look for functional foods that taste great, convenient and easy to consume. 'Collagenx', in partnership with Peptan, embraces this demand, and its exceptional organoleptic and functional properties make it easy to integrate into senior diet.   Collagenx hydrolysed collagen contains 18 amino acids, the building blocks of our tissues and the primary component of proteins. Glycine, proline and hydroxyproline represent around 50% of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen total amino acid content; the glycine and proline concentration in our hydrolysed collagen is 10 to 20 times higher than in other proteins. As a result, Collagenx hydrolysed collagen powder offers health benefits that cannot be found in other protein sources.   Collagenx hydrolysed collagen's efficacy is demonstrated in scientific studies As one of the most extensively researched collagen peptides on the market, the efficacy of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen powder in promoting mobility is supported by an impressive body of scientific evidence. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen is unique as it simultaneously supports all the connective tissues by stimulating local cells in the target tissues to produce more collagen and other key matrix components. A wide range of studies has demonstrated Collagenx hydrolysed collagen’s ability to promote healthy joints and strong bones. Collagen peptides also support lean muscle mass and strength. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen supports overall mobility Joint health Wear and tear on joints can cause stiffness and discomfort in older adults. Collagen powder is fast becoming the preferred active ingredient for joint health supplements and the efficacy of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen for improving joint function and reducing discomfort is backed by scientific studies including in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials.   Maintaining Healthy Joints In a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial1, 94 women aged 40-70 with knee joint problems (osteoarthritis classification: 0-III) received 8g of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen powder or placebo daily for a period of 6 months.  WOMAC score is the international standard method for assessing joint health clinically in patients CollagenX hydrolysed collagen treatment resulted in a statistically significant decrease of the WOMAC score by -22% linked to a 32% decrease in joint pain and 44% improvement of stiffness (subscale scores). Improving joint function The same study also sought to discover whether Collagenx hydrolysed collagen could improve knee joint function in the same group of women. The Lysholm score is linked to improved knee movement in everyday activities,  Collagenx hydrolysed collagen treatment resulted in a statistically significant increase in the Lysholm score by 7% which demonstrates the improvements over time.     Stimulating chondrocytes (cartilage cells) In an in vitro study2, primary cartilage cells (chondrocytes) were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen for 8 days to demonstrate Collagenx hydrolysed collagen’s ability to induce the production of the key cartilage components, aggrecan and type 2 collagen, which make up the joint tissue. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen peptide treatment clearly stimulated the expression of aggrecan and type 2 collagen by the joint cells. Cartilage-regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen A new in vivo study3 confirms Collagenx hydrolysed collagen peptide's role in supporting joint health, providing scientific documentation of the mechanisms behind cartilage regeneration and joint inflammation reduction. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen is: Cartilage-regenerative - it preserves cartilage area during osteoarthritis development Chondro-regenerative  - it stimulates chondrocyte proliferation (increased number) and stimulates proteoglycan synthesis. Anti-inflammatory -  it normalises synovial thickness and reduces production of the inflammatory marker TNF. Bone Health Maintaining strong bones reduces the risk of fractures later in life. Collagen makes up the structural framework on which minerals are deposited. When taken as a supplement, hydrolysed collagen peptides can support healthy and strong bones, as shown in multiple in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials4-7. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen can stimulate the endogenous production of collagen in bone tissue, triggering osteoblasts (bone formation cells) and increasing bone size and firmness. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen can ideally be combined with calcium and vitamin D to offer optimal bone health benefits. Restoring Bone Mineral Density In an in vivo study4 an established model that mimics the loss of bone mass (osteopenia) in postmenopausal women (Ovx) was used to investigate the effect of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen supplementation– the experimental group (Ovx + Collagenx hydrolysed collagen) received a daily dose of CollagenX hydrolysed collagen for 3 months in addition to a normal diet (with adequate level of calcium, protein and Vitamin D). The Ovx and Control group received a normal diet only. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen treatment restored bone mineral density (BMD) in the experimental group to the normal level. In contrast, the control group experienced a reduced BMD.  Improving Bone Strength The same study as above also investigated the microarchitecture and strength of bones and demonstrate the following: Collagenx hydrolysed collagen treatment increased ultimate bone strength compared to the control group.  Stimulating Osteoblasts (bone cells) The mechanisms behind Collagenx hydrolysed collagen’s bone health benefits are well known. As an example, Collagenx hydrolysed collagen was compared to a control protein in below in the vitro study5, referred to below, primary bone cells were cultured in the presence of Collagenx hydrolysed collagen for 2 weeks. Collagenx hydrolysed collagen treatment promoted the formation of bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) and stimulated their activity. In contrast, the presence of bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts) were suppressed. The control protein (BSA) did not demonstrate the same effect. Muscle Health Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and function. Exercise and adequate intake of easily digestible protein is vital to counteracting the condition's effects. The recommended protein intake for healthy adults is 0.8g/kg body weight per day8. However, older people can benefit from a higher intake which is often difficult as their diets often lack protein. As a bioactive protein, Collagenx hydrolysed collagen can help maintain lean body mass in older adults. Maintaining muscle mass In a double-blind, crossover trial9, nitrogen balance was compared in a group of elderly women aged 65 - 85 who consumed a diet supplemented with either whey protein or collagen peptides. Women receiving whey protein lost body weight and had increased nitrogen excretion during the study period while those parameters remained stable under collagen peptides supplement. Collagen peptides can help maintain nitrogen balance and preserve lean body mass.

IS COLLAGEN SAFE? – finally, the lid is lifted on hydrolysed collagen

There are now literally hundreds of hydrolysed collagen products on the world market today with new brands popping up seemingly every week. So how do you know which one to choose? How do you even know if they are safe to consume or how much you should take? Well let’s cut the promotional ‘spin’ and get straight to the facts. Worldwide, authorities have continually attested to the safety of hydrolysed collagen. Based on international research results, the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Commission for Health and Consumer Protection, and the European Food Safety Authority  have all confirmed that hydrolysed collagen is totally safe for human consumption. In the United States the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has classified gelatin, from which collagen peptides are prepared, as a safe substance.  Collagen has GRAS status (Generally Recognised As Safe ) with no recommended daily intake limit as it is a natural food ingredient in commonly consumed foods. The United States FDA reports that: 'No significant adverse findings other than rare hypersensitivity have been found in the examination of data from feeding and biochemical experiments. Thus, there is no evidence to demonstrate a hazard to the public at the level collagen is consumed as a food or a food ingredient. Based on these considerations, the Select Committee concludes that: There is no evidence in the available information on collagen that demonstrates or suggests reasonable grounds to suspect a hazard to the public when it is used at levels that are now current or that might reasonably be expected in the future'. Hydrolysed collagen’s safe status is backed by solid evidence including numerous independent scientific studies. This Japanese study is the first to investigate the biological safety of fish collagen in accordance with ISO standards. All tests for cell toxicity, sensitization, chromosomal aberrations, intracutaneous reactions, acute systemic toxicity, pyrogenic reactions, and hemolysis were negative according to the criteria of the ISO and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. To this day, there are more than 60 scientific studies (in vitro, in vivo, clinics and on bioavailability) about Hydrolysed Collagen ingestion efficacy on reducing collagen damage and loss consequences as joint pain and erosion (osteoarthritis), bone density loss (osteoporosis) and skin ageing. Numerous preclinical studies show that Hydrolysed Collagen stimulates collagenic tissue regeneration by increasing not only collagen synthesis but minor components (glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid) synthesis as well. Clinical studies show that Hydrolysed Collagen continual ingestion helps to reduce and prevent joint pain, bone density loss and skin ageing. These results as well as its high level of tolerance and safety make Hydrolysed Collagen ingestion attractive for a long-term use in bone and joint degenerative diseases and in fight against skin ageing. Most hydrolysed collagen is around 90% protein and its best not to take protein supplements if you have existing kidney disease . A high protein diet (appx >1.2g of protein/kg body weight) is proven to be harmful for people with existing kidney dysfunction. So if you have a preexisting kidney illness, see your doctor before supplementing with any protein powders including collagen. However the overwhelming evidence proves that eating a high protein diet or supplementing with collagen hydrolysate does not harm the kidneys in healthy people. Rarely, minor side effects, such as nausea, flatulence or dyspepsia, may occur in some people the first time they ingest collagen peptides. So we've established that Hydrolysed collagen is safe to consume even in high amounts, but what about the safety of different brands? Well buyer beware! Some hydrolysed collagen brand labels may state ‘may contain’ because there is a possibility that traces of an allergen may be present in the food unintentionally, such as food processed on the same equipment as products that contain nuts and other substances. The main foods or ingredients that may cause severe adverse reactions must be declared on the label no matter how small the amount. Common foods that may cause allergies include peanuts, other nuts, seafood, fish, milk, gluten, eggs, soybeans, and sulfites. So don’t be misled by labelling tricks and traps. The terms used on food labels are often misleading (and too tiny to read). Always check the label on your collagen packet carefully as often warnings such as; May also contain gluten, soy, milk and egg. Produced In A Facility That Handles Milk and fish Products And Tree Nuts. Contains sulfites and vegetable magnesium stearat Manufactured on equipment that also produces products containing Milk, Soy, Egg, Tree Nuts, Sesame, Lupin and Peanuts. can be in the fine print. If they are – STAY CLEAR! When in doubt, contact the manufacturer. This brand is the world's most researched Collagen and renowned for its purity. It DOES NOT CONTAIN: Soy, dairy, eggs, nuts, shellfish, and is Gluten free Cholesterol or fats GMO or Glyphosate Pesticide and Hormones Fillers, artificial colours, or preservatives The safety of collagen peptide and gelatin is widely recognized and reported. So, finally, the facts don't lie. It is proven that hydrolysed collagen is not only totally safe to consume, but is a bioactive ingredient that has been specifically developed to deliver multiple health benefits and functional properties.

Does Collagen Powder Work? - Confessions of a 50+ user.

Does Collagen Powder Work? - Confessions of a 50+ user. Trends in Senior's Health  Whether you are 55 (like me), 65 or 75 years old, actively engaged in different sports, or simply want to keep up your daily activities such as walking the dog or going for a stroll in the park, we need a well-functioning musculoskeletal system (that consists of joints, bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons). Medical advancement and innovations have made me more aware of, and educated about, the concept of eating well and the value of supplements, functional foods and beverages. I search for preventive nutritional solutions, including dietary supplements and functional foods and beverages that can help me stay ‘fit and looking good’ and prolong my healthy life years. I look to avoid age-related diseases and focus on a healthy lifestyle. I prefer clearer labels, simplified ingredients, and a product formulated to target my specific needs. I believe the ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to senior nutrition is no longer applicable to us, because of the rise of personalised nutrition and the differences between senior age groups. I place being ‘fit and younger looking’ high on my agenda and seek out supplements that can support my skin health and digestive health as well as my immunity. A supplement that  enhances my mobility is also a top priority.     The Effects of Hydrolysed Collagen Powder I want to live well, not just long. With that in mind, ‘An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure’. I started adding dietary supplements and functional foods and beverages to my diet 2 years ago and I've achieved an illness preventative effect. The most effective supplement in my arsenal is Hydrolysed Collagen Powder. Collagen powder has offered me both symptom relief and prevention: protect and maintain are the key verbs here. Supplementing with collagen powder has provided me with specific and targeted  joint support. My knees are now relatively pain free and swelling after exercise is non existent. Collagen powder continues to gain widespread acceptance due to a growing body of scientific evidence, and frankly, I'm convinced.   How much Collagen do I Take? I now take 10 grams of collagen powder every day. It's a functional food that is neutral in taste, and is convenient and easy to dissolve in all types of food and beverages, hot or cold.  Collagen powder delivers bioactive collagen peptides that support a wide range of connective tissues by exerting direct health benefits in the target tissues.  The efficacy of Collagen Powder in promoting mobility is supported by an impressive body of scientific evidence. I take this brand because it it is unique. It simultaneously supports all the connective tissues by stimulating local cells in the target tissues to produce more collagen and other key matrix components. A wide range of studies has demonstrated Hydrolysed Collagen's ability to promote healthy joints and strong bones. Collagen peptides also support lean muscle mass and strength.